Mindfulness is a state of present-moment awareness in which individuals attend to their current experiences without judgment. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of mindfulness training on attention and reaction time in male and female semi-skilled sprinters. Forty volunteer sprint athletes were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group, with each group comprising 20 participants, including 10 women and 10 men. Participants’ attention and reaction time were assessed using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). In addition to sport-specific athletics training, the experimental group participated in ten 90-minute mindfulness training sessions, whereas the control group performed only physical training. Following the intervention, a post-test identical to the pre-test was administered. The results of the mixed-design analysis of variance revealed significant group × time interaction effects for both attention (p = .001, η² = .39) and reaction time (p = .001, η² = .23). In the experimental group, the mean attention score increased from 0.90 at pre-test to 0.95 at post-test, while the mean reaction time decreased from 454.20 to 403.60 milliseconds. In contrast, no significant changes in attention or reaction time were observed in the control group. Neither the main effect of gender nor any gender-related interaction effects were significant for either variable, indicating that mindfulness training improved attention and reaction time irrespective of gender. These findings suggest that mindfulness training may be used as a practical and efficient method alongside sprint training to enhance athletes’ cognitive performance.