مقایسۀ فراحافظه و راهبردهای تفکر در دانشجویان ورزشکار با سطح مهارت مختلف

نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 دکتری یادگیری حرکتی، دانشکده علوم رفتاری و شناختی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.تهران. ایران

2 استادیار گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم رفتاری و شناختی، دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی تهران، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه الزهرا.تهران ایران.

4 دانشیار گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه الزهرا. تهران. ایران

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثربخشی سطوح متفاوت فعالیت ورزشی بر فراحافظه و راهبردهای کنترل افکار در دانشجویان ورزشکار بود. ورزشکاران (56 نفر خبره، 53 نفر ماهر و 69 نفر مبتدی) به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری غیرتصادفی انتخاب شدند. آزمودنی‌ها پرسش‌نامه‌های جمعیت‌شناختی، کنترل تفکر و فراحافظه را تکمیل کردند. یافته‌ها نشان داد، ورزشکاران خبره در متغیرهای فراحافظه و مؤلفه‌های خرسندی از حافظه، ادراک توانایی حافظه روزمره، استفاده از راهبردها و کمک‌های حافظه روزمره دارای میانگین نمرات بیشتری در مقایسه با ورزشکاران ماهر و مبتدی بودند و ورزشکاران ماهر در متغیرهای فراحافظه و مؤلفه‌های خرسندی از حافظه، ادراک توانایی حافظه روزمره، استفاده از راهبردها و کمک‌های حافظه روزمره بهتر از ورزشکاران مبتدی بودند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد، تفاوت بین میانگین متغیر کنترل افکار و مؤلفه‌های حواس‌پرتی، خودتنبیهی، ارزیابی مجدد، کنترل اجتماعی و نگرانی در سه گروه دانشجویان ورزشکار خبره، ماهر و مبتدی، از نظر آماری معنادار بود. ورزشکاران خبره در متغیر کنترل افکار و مؤلفه‌های ارزیابی مجدد و کنترل اجتماعی، در مقایسه با دانشجویان ورزشکار مبتدی میانگین نمرات بیشتری داشتند و دانشجویان ورزشکار مبتدی در مؤلفه‌های حواس‌پرتی، خودتنبیهی و نگرانی دارای میانگین نمرات بیشتری در مقایسه با دانشجویان ورزشکار خبره و ماهر بودند. داشتن فعالیت ورزشی در سطوح ملی و بین‌المللی به افزایش فراحافظه و کنترل افکار در جوانان ورزشکار منجر می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing Meta-Memory and Thinking Strategies in Athletic Students with Different Skill Levels

نویسندگان [English]

  • mahya mohamadtaghi 1
  • mahin agdai 2
  • matin mot abadi 3
  • parvane shamsipor 4
1 PhD in Motor Learning, Faculty of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran. Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Beheshti
3 Master of Motor Behavior, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University. Tehran.iran.
چکیده [English]

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of different levels of exercise on memory and thought control strategies in athletic students. The research method was causal comparative.178 athletes (56 experts, 53 skilled, 69 amateur) in a non-random sampling were selected based on inclusion criteria. Participants completed demographic questionnaires. Findings showed that skilled athletes had a higher average than skilled and beginner athletes in metamorphic variables and happy components of memory, perception of daily memory ability, use of strategies and daily memory aids, and skilled athletes in metaphysical variables and happy components of memory ability and memory. Everyday life, the use of strategies and daily memory aids were better than beginner athletes. The results also showed that the difference between the mean variables of mind control and distraction, self-comparison, reassessment, social control and anxiety in the three groups of expert, skilled and beginner students was statistically significant. In the variable of controlling thoughts and reassessment components, the social athlete had a higher average than the beginner athlete's students, and the beginner athlete had a higher average in the distraction, self-esteem, and anxiety components than the expert and skilled athlete students. Having sports activity at national and international levels leads to increased memory and thought control in young athletes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Memory
  • Thought Control
  • Expert
  • Skilled
  • Amateur
  • Athletes

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مطالعات روان‌شناسی ورزشی
دوره 12، شماره 46
دی 1402
صفحه 57-74

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 دی 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 اردیبهشت 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 31 اردیبهشت 1401

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