Document Type : Original research study
Authors
1 Associate Professor of shahid rajaie teacher training university
2 ph.D in motor behavior tehran university
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate psychometric properties of the persian version of sport imagery ability questionnaire (SIAQ) (Williams and Cumming, 2011). In the first step, SIAQ was translated into Persian and translate accuracy of Persian version of questionnaire was confirmed. Then 154 skilled male athletes (mean age: of 22/59±3/69 years) completed the Questionnaire. Data was analyzed with Confirmatory factor analysis based on structural equations and Cronbach alpha coefficient. The results showed that questionnaire’s internal consistency was acceptable and confirmatory factor analysis supported Persian version of sport imagery ability questionnaire with 5-factor and 15-item. The identified five factor model in this research was identical with the model introduced for this questionnaire by original authors. Due to the confirmation of variability and reliability of this questionnaire, it can be used for evaluation of sport imagery ability in male athletes.
Highlights
- Brown, T. A., & Moore, M. T. (2012). Confirmatory factor analysis. Handbook of structural equation modeling, 361-379.
- Cumming, J., & Hall, C. (2002). Athletes’ use of imagery in the off-season. The Sport Psychologist, 16, 160–172.
- Cumming, J., & Ramsey, R. (2009). Sport imagery interventions. In S. Mellalieu & S. Hanton (Eds.), Advances in applied sport psychology: A review (pp. 5–36). London: Routledge.
- Cumming, J., & Ste-Marie, D.M. (2001). The cognitive and motivational effects of imagery training: A matter of perspective. The Sport Psychologist, 15, 276–2
- Gregg, M., & Hall, C. (2006). Measurement of motivational imagery abilities in sport. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24, 961–971.
- Hall, C. (1998). Measuring imagery abilities and imagery use. In J. L. Duda (Ed.), Advances in sport and exercise psychology measurement (pp. 165–172). Morgantown, WV: Fitness Information Technology.
- Hall, C. (2001). Imagery in sport and exercise. In R. N. Singer, H. A. Hausenblas, & C. M. Janelle (Eds.), The handbook of sport psychology (2nd ed., pp. 529–549). New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- Hall, C., Mack, D., Paivio, A., & Hausenblas, H. (1998). Imagery use by athletes: Development of the sport imagery questionnaire. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 29, 73–89.
- Hall, C., & Martin, K. A. (1997). Measuring movement imagery abilities: A revision of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire. Journal of Mental Imagery, 21, 143–154.
- Harwood, C. (1998). Handling pressure. Chelsea: Coachwise Ltd
- Hojati, A., VaezMousavi, M., & Khabiri, M. (2016). Psychometric Properties of Persian version of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3. Sport Psychology Studies, 4(14), 1-16.
- Hu, L., & Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55.
- Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd). New York: Guilford press.
- Kosslyn, S. M. (1994). Image and brain. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
- Martin, K. A., Moritz, S. E., & Hall, C. (1999). Imagery use in sport: A literature review and applied model. The Sport Psychologist, 13, 245–268.
- Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., & Guarino, A. J. (2006). Applied multivariate research: Design an interpretation. London: SAGE Publications, Incorporated.
- Murphy, S., Nordin, S. M., & Cumming, J. (2008). Imagery in sport, exercise and dance.
- In T. Horn (Ed.), Advances in sport and exercise psychology (3rd, pp. 297–324). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Ramsey, R., Cumming, J., Edwards, M.E., Williams, S., & Brunning, C. (2010). Examining the emotion aspect of PETTLEP based Imagery and penalty taking performance in football. Journal of Sport Behavior, 33, 295–315.
- Roberts, R., Callow, N., Hardy, L., Markland, D., & Bringer, J. (2008). Movement imagery ability: Development and assessment of a revised version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 30, 200–221.
- Robin, N., Dominique, L., Toussaint, L., Blandin, Y., Guillot, A., & Le Her, M. (2007). Effect of motor imagery training on service return accuracy in tennis: The role of imagery ability. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2, 175–186.
- Seif, A. (2004). Measurement, assessment and educational evaluation. Tehran: Douran. (In Persian).
- Sohrabi, M., Attarzadeh Hoseini, R., & Nameni, Z. (2012). The effect of cognitive and motivational imagery on learning basic basketball skills. Sport Psychology Studies, 1(2), 15-26. (In Persian).
- Sohrabi Dehaghani, M., Khalaji, H., & Bahrami, A. (2015). The relationship between mental imagery ability and kinaesthesis among athlete and non-athlete females. Sport Psychology Studies, 4(12), 16-30. (In Persian).
- Terry, P. C., Lane. A. M., & Fogarty, G. (2003). Construct validity of the profile of mood states-A for use with adults. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 4, 125-39.
- Williams, S. E., & Cumming, J. (2011). Measuring athlete imagery ability: The Sport Imagery Ability Questionnaire. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 33, 416-440.
- Williams, S. E., & Cumming, J. (2012). Athletes’ ease of imaging predicts their imagery and observational learning use. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(4), 363-370.
Keywords
Main Subjects
- Brown, T. A., & Moore, M. T. (2012). Confirmatory factor analysis. Handbook of structural equation modeling, 361-379.
- Cumming, J., & Hall, C. (2002). Athletes’ use of imagery in the off-season. The Sport Psychologist, 16, 160–172.
- Cumming, J., & Ramsey, R. (2009). Sport imagery interventions. In S. Mellalieu & S. Hanton (Eds.), Advances in applied sport psychology: A review (pp. 5–36). London: Routledge.
- Cumming, J., & Ste-Marie, D.M. (2001). The cognitive and motivational effects of imagery training: A matter of perspective. The Sport Psychologist, 15, 276–2
- Gregg, M., & Hall, C. (2006). Measurement of motivational imagery abilities in sport. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24, 961–971.
- Hall, C. (1998). Measuring imagery abilities and imagery use. In J. L. Duda (Ed.), Advances in sport and exercise psychology measurement (pp. 165–172). Morgantown, WV: Fitness Information Technology.
- Hall, C. (2001). Imagery in sport and exercise. In R. N. Singer, H. A. Hausenblas, & C. M. Janelle (Eds.), The handbook of sport psychology (2nd ed., pp. 529–549). New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- Hall, C., Mack, D., Paivio, A., & Hausenblas, H. (1998). Imagery use by athletes: Development of the sport imagery questionnaire. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 29, 73–89.
- Hall, C., & Martin, K. A. (1997). Measuring movement imagery abilities: A revision of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire. Journal of Mental Imagery, 21, 143–154.
- Harwood, C. (1998). Handling pressure. Chelsea: Coachwise Ltd
- Hojati, A., VaezMousavi, M., & Khabiri, M. (2016). Psychometric Properties of Persian version of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3. Sport Psychology Studies, 4(14), 1-16.
- Hu, L., & Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55.
- Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd). New York: Guilford press.
- Kosslyn, S. M. (1994). Image and brain. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
- Martin, K. A., Moritz, S. E., & Hall, C. (1999). Imagery use in sport: A literature review and applied model. The Sport Psychologist, 13, 245–268.
- Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., & Guarino, A. J. (2006). Applied multivariate research: Design an interpretation. London: SAGE Publications, Incorporated.
- Murphy, S., Nordin, S. M., & Cumming, J. (2008). Imagery in sport, exercise and dance.
- In T. Horn (Ed.), Advances in sport and exercise psychology (3rd, pp. 297–324). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Ramsey, R., Cumming, J., Edwards, M.E., Williams, S., & Brunning, C. (2010). Examining the emotion aspect of PETTLEP based Imagery and penalty taking performance in football. Journal of Sport Behavior, 33, 295–315.
- Roberts, R., Callow, N., Hardy, L., Markland, D., & Bringer, J. (2008). Movement imagery ability: Development and assessment of a revised version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 30, 200–221.
- Robin, N., Dominique, L., Toussaint, L., Blandin, Y., Guillot, A., & Le Her, M. (2007). Effect of motor imagery training on service return accuracy in tennis: The role of imagery ability. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2, 175–186.
- Seif, A. (2004). Measurement, assessment and educational evaluation. Tehran: Douran. (In Persian).
- Sohrabi, M., Attarzadeh Hoseini, R., & Nameni, Z. (2012). The effect of cognitive and motivational imagery on learning basic basketball skills. Sport Psychology Studies, 1(2), 15-26. (In Persian).
- Sohrabi Dehaghani, M., Khalaji, H., & Bahrami, A. (2015). The relationship between mental imagery ability and kinaesthesis among athlete and non-athlete females. Sport Psychology Studies, 4(12), 16-30. (In Persian).
- Terry, P. C., Lane. A. M., & Fogarty, G. (2003). Construct validity of the profile of mood states-A for use with adults. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 4, 125-39.
- Williams, S. E., & Cumming, J. (2011). Measuring athlete imagery ability: The Sport Imagery Ability Questionnaire. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 33, 416-440.
- Williams, S. E., & Cumming, J. (2012). Athletes’ ease of imaging predicts their imagery and observational learning use. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(4), 363-370.