Document Type : Original research study
Authors
1 Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch
2 Assistant Professor at Sport Science Research Institute (SSRI)
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between integrated self-knowledge and resilience with the anxiety of being infected by COVID-19 and the mediating role of intolerance of ambiguity, worry, and physical activity. The research method was descriptive correlational type and the statistical population of the study included all residents of Karaj city in the spring of 2020, among which 360 people were selected by target and available method. The research tool included the Self-Knowledge Scale; Resilience Scale; Penn State Worry Questionnaire; Ambiguity Tolerance Scale-II; Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile and Corona Disease Anxiety Scale. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data. In the present study, the direct relationship between worry and intolerance of ambiguity and with the anxiety of being infected by COVID-19 was positive and significant and the direct relationship between physical activity and with the anxiety of being infected by COVID-19 was negative and significant. The indirect relationship between integrated self-knowledge and resilience with the anxiety of being infected by COVID-19 was significant by physical activity, worry, and intolerance of ambiguity mediation. Public education to promote self-knowledge and learn resilient approaches, as well as a healthy lifestyle that incorporates physical activity, is recommended in the face of diseases and worries, and ambiguities due to its prevalence.
Keywords
Main Subjects
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15. Curran, L., Sharpe, L., & Butow, P. (2017). Anxiety in the context of cancer: A systematic review and development of an integrated model. Clinical Psychology Review, 56, 40-54. Dana, A., Soltani, N., & Fathizadan, A. (2019). The effectiveness of communication skills training on the resilience and exercise self-efficacy of adolescent athletes. Sport Psychology Studies, 7(26), 91-106. https://doi.org/10.22089/spsyj.2018.5518.1576
16. Dar, K. A., Iqbal, N., & Mushtaq, A. (2017). Intolerance of uncertainty, depression, and anxiety: Examining the indirect and moderating effects of worry. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 29, 129-133.
17. Deforche, B., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (2015). Attentional distraction during exercise in overweight and normal-weight boys. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(3), 3077-3090. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120303077
18. Dehshiri, G. R., Golzari, M., Borjali, A., & Sohrabi, F. (2009). Psychometrics particularity of Farsi Version of Pennsylvania State Worry Questionnaire for college students. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1(4), 67-75. https://doi.org/10.22075/jcp.2017.1988
19. Eime, R. M., Young, J. A., Harvey, J. T., Charity, M. J., & Payne, W. R. (2013). A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 10, 98. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-98
20. Feizi, A., Mahbobi, T., Zare, H., Mostafaei, A. (2012). The relationship of cognitive intelligence and ambiguity tolerance with entrepreneurship among students of West Azarbayjan Payam Noor University, Iran. Journal Of Research In Behavioural Sciences, 10(4), 276-284.
21. Feshangchi, N., Karbalaee Mohammad Meigooni, A., & Bahrami Hidaji, M. (2018). The Mediation Role of Narcissistic Personality Traits and Interpersonal Problems in the Relationship between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Anabolic Steroids Use in Athletes. Sport Psychology Studies, 7(24), 17-34. https://doi.org/10.22089/spsyj.2017.3912.1396
22. Fialko, L., Bolton, D., & Perrin, S. (2012). Applicability of a cognitive model of worry to children and adolescents. Behav Res Ther, 50(5), 341-349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2012.02.003
23. Fibbins, H., Lederman, O., & Rosenbaum, S. (2020). Get Moving: Physical Activity and Exercise for Mental Health. In (pp. 493-510). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815012-2.00021-3
24. Foroghi, Z., Zaeinalii Sh, Akbari B. (2017). The role of fundamental psychological needs, integrated self-knowledge, self-compassion in predicting death anxiety. The Journal of New Advances in Behavioral Sciences, 2(13), 31-48.
25. Froutan, R., Mahroughi, N., Malekzadeh, J., & Mazlom, S. R. (2018). The effect of stress management training on anxiety and resilience of emergency medical staff [Research]. Journal of Nursing Education, 6(3), 46-53.
26. Gee, C. J. (2010). How does sport psychology actually improve athletic performance? A framework to facilitate athletes' and coaches' understanding. Behav Modif, 34(5), 386-402. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445510383525
27. Gholizadeh, M., Khosropour, F., Pourranjbar, M., & Khodadadi, M. R. (2018). The effect of the aerobic, non-aerobic and relaxation exercises on anxiety and stress among female students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences [Research]. Health and Development Journal, 7(4), 333-343. https://doi.org/10.22034/7.4.333
28. Ghorbani, N., Cunningham, C., & Watson, P. (2010). Comparative analysis of integrative self-knowledge, mindfulness, and private self-consciousness in predicting responses to stress in Iran. International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie, 45, 147-154. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207590903473768
29. Ghorbani, N., Watson, P., & Hargis, M. (2008). Integrative Self-Knowledge Scale: Correlations and Incremental Validity of a Cross-Cultural Measure Developed in Iran and the United States. The Journal of psychology, 142, 395-412. https://doi.org/10.3200/JRPL.142.4.395-412
30. Ghorbani, N., Watson, P. J., Bing, M. N., Davison, H. K., & LeBreton, D. (2003). Two facets of self-knowledge: cross-cultural development of measures in Iran and the United States. Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr, 129(3), 238-268.
31. Ghorbanzadeh, B., & Lotfi, M. (2018). The effect of mindfulness and physical exercise on addicted women's behavioral characteristics and preventing them from further addiction. Sport Psychology Studies, 7(24), 1-17.
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