Document Type : Original research study

Authors

1 Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran

2 Motor control and learning department, Sport Science Research Institute, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Abstract
The aim of this study was to Investigating the
relationship between resilience and psychological well-being of individual athletes with the mediating role of perceived stress. The statistical population of this study consisted of female athletes in Taekwondo and Karate at the championship level and at the level of national teams and national titles in the youth and adolescents. The sample size was 594 and the sampling method was stratified random. Data collection tools included Reef Psychological Welfare Questionnaire (2002), Cohen Perceived Stress Questionnaire (1983) and Connor-Davidson (2003) Resilience Questionnaire. Structural equations were used to analyze the data using PLS software. The results of this study showed that there was a significant positive relationship between resilience and perceived stress with psychological well-being and also positive relationship between perceived stress and resilience. According to these findings, coaches and athletes need to pay more attention to the role of resilience in various aspects of athletes' personality in promoting mental health and athletic performance.

Keywords

Main Subjects

  1. Aghababa, A., & Begian Koleh Marzi, J. (2020). Investigating the relationship and comparison of cognitive regulation strategies of sports emotion and psychological vulnerability of individual and group athletes. Sports Psychology Studies, 23(3), 101-116. (In Persian).
  2.  

 

 

  1. Allen, M. S., Greenlees, I., & Jones, M. V. (2013). Personality in sport: A comprehensive review. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 6, 184-208.
  2. Amstadtera, A. B., Moscatia, A., Maesa, H. H., Myersa, J. M., & Kendlera, K. S. (2016). Personality, cognitive/psychological traits and psychiatric resilience: A multivariate twin study. Personality and Individual Differences, 91, 74–79

 

  1. Anshel, M. H., & Wells, B. (2014). Personal and situational variables that describe coping with acute stress in competitive sport. The Journal of Social Psychology, 140, 434-450.
  2. Aqdasi, M., & Behzadnia, B. (2016). Predicting the psychological and welfare needs of students: Based on the role of coaches. Journal of Sports Psychology Studies, 5(16), 1-18. (In Persian).
  3. BaniAsadi, T., & Salehian, M. H. (2021). The effect of psychological well-being on athletic performance of professional athletes. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences15(5), 1680-1682.‏
  4. Belcher, B. R., Zink, J., Azad, A., Campbell, C. E., Chakravartti, S. P., & Herting, M. M. (2020). The roles of physical activity, exercise, and fitness in promoting resilience during adolescence: Effects on mental well-being and brain development. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, 6(2), 225-237.
  5. Bird, M. D., Simons, E. E., & Jackman, P. C. (2021). Mental toughness, sport-related well-being, and mental health stigma among national collegiate athletic association division I student-athletes. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology1(aop), 1-17.‏
  6. Chtourou, J., de Graaff, A. M., Caisley, H., van Harmelen, A. L., & Wilkinson, P. O. (2018) A systematic review of amenable resilience factors that moderate and/or mediate the relationship between childhood adversity and mental health in young people. Frontiers of Psychiatry, 9, 230.
  7. Daniel, J., & Brown, D. F. (2017). Effects of psychological and psychosocial interventions on sport performance: A meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 47(1),77–99
  8. De Melo, G. F., & Noce, F. (2020). Resilience of athletes: A systematic review based on a citation network analysis. Cuadernos de Psicología Del Deporte20(3), 26-40.‏
  9. Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R.E. (2015). National accounts of subjective well-being. American Psychologist, 70, 234-242.
  10. Diener, E., Tay, L., & Oishi, S. (2013). Rising income and the subjective well-being of nations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104, 267-276.
  11. Doorley, J. D. (2021). Exploring self-compassion, positive and negative emotion regulation, sport performance, and resilience among college athletes (Doctoral dissertation). George Mason University.
  12. Ebrahimzadeh, Kh., & Dekanei Fard, F. (2016). The relationship between resilience and mental health with happiness and academic self-efficacy of talented secondary school students in Amol. Paper presented at the Fourth National Conference on Sustainable Development in Educational Sciences and Psychology, Social Studies and Farhangi, Tehran, (In Persian).
  13. Esmailzadeh, R., & Moradian Zand, P. (2015). The relationship between mental health and resilience of women between 25 and 35 years old in District 8 of Tehran. Paper presented at the National Conference on Social Development, Ahvaz, Shahid Chamran University-Sociological Association of Iran. (In Persian).
  14. Fahimi Aqda, T. H. (2014). Relationship between mental toughness, ways to deal with stress and optimism in Iranian sitting volleyball premier league players (M.Sc. thesis). Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology - Institute of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. (In Persian).
  15. Feggi, C., Gramaglia, C., Guerriero, F., Bert, R., Siliquini, P., & Zeppegno, A. (2016). Resilience, coping, personality traits, self-esteem and quality of life in mood disorders. European Psychiatry, 33, S518.
  16. Fotiadis, C., Jakobsson, J., & Isaksson, A. (2019). Physical activity and sports—real health benefits: A review with insight into the public health of Sweden. Sports, 7(5), 127.
  17. Ghadiri, S., & Salehian, H. (2019). Anticipation of emotion regulation and psychological well-being on athletic performance of professional and semi-professional athletes. Sport Psychology Studies, 8(29), 151-70. (In Persian).

 

  1. Hassanpour, F. (2014). The relationship between mental hardiness and psychological resilience with sports success in skilled and semi-skilled martial arts athletes in Iran (M.Sc. thesis). Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology - Semnan University. (In Persian).
  2. Hassanzadeh Namin, F., Peymani, J., Ranjbaripour, T., & Abolmaali Al-Husseini, Kh. (2019). The model of predicting psychological well-being based on resilience considering the mediating role of perceived stress. Journal of Psychological Sciences, 18(77), 569-577. (In Persian).
  3. Karademas, E. (2017). Positive and negative aspects of well-being: Common and specific predictors. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 277-287.
  4. Kim, M., Do Kim, Y., & Lee, H. W. (2020). It is time to consider athletes’ well-being and performance satisfaction: The roles of authentic leadership and psychological capital. Sport Management Review. In Press.
  5. Koirala, R., Comola, M., Smith, C., Manchin, R., & De Keulenaer, F. (2018). What makes for a better life? The determinants of subjective well-being in OECD countries–Evidence from the Gallup World Poll (No. 2012/3). OECD Publishing.
  6. Kontos, E. (2017). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55, 34-43.
  7. Lee, S., Lee, C., & Hasson, J. (2020). Psycho-social correlates of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among older adults: a multivariate analysis. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 17(1), 1-7.
  8. Martin, C. L., Shanley, E., Harnish, C., Knab, A. M., Christopher, S., Vallabhajosula, S., & Bullock, G. S. (2021). Overuse injury, substance use, and resilience in collegiate female athlete. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy16(4), 1104.‏
  9. McLoughlin, E., Fletcher, D., Slavich, G. M., Arnold, R., & Moore, L. J. (2021). Cumulative lifetime stress exposure, depression, anxiety, and well-being in elite athletes: A mixed-method study. Psychology of Sport and Exercise52, 101823.‏
  10. Miçoogullari, B. O., & Ekmekçi, R. (2017). Evaluation of a psychological skill training program on mental toughness and psychological wellbeing for professional soccer players. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(12), 2312-2329.
  11. Micoogullari, B. O., Odek. U., & Beyaz, O. (2017). Evaluation of sport mental toughness and psychological wellbeing in undergraduate student athletes. Educ Res Rev, 12(8), 483-487.
  12. Mirzaie Varzaneh, M., Yazdkhasti, F., Ghamarani, A., & Abbasi Jondani, J. (2020). Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on reducing perceived stress and enhancing social adjustment in youths with visual impairment. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 9(4), 71-81.
  13. Mohammadzadeh, H., Ebrahimi, S., & Sami, S. (2012). The study of the relationship between perfectionism, stress and burnout among male and female swimming instructors. Journal of Growth and Motor Learning, 4(1), 139-129. (In Persian).
  14. Murdoch, E. M., Ayers, J., Crane, M. F., Ntoumanis, N., Brade, C., Quested, E., & Gucciardi, D. F. (2021). Stressor reflections and elite athlete psychological well-being and ill-being: An experimental test of self-distancing. Psychology of Sport and Exercise54, 101922.‏
  15. Parulava, G., Zurabashvili, D., Parulava, E., & Gelenava, N. (2021). Issues of athletes' resilience to stress factors. Experimental & Clinical Medicine Georgia, (5-6), 1-6.‏
  16. Piri Allah Lu, J., Panah, A., & Aqdasi, A. (2021). The effectiveness of self-awareness-based spiritual therapy on psychological well-being and moral judgment of first-year male high school students. Journal of Cognitive Analytical Psychology, 12(45), 37-51.
  17. Potts, A. J., Didymus, F. F., & Kaiseler, M. (2021). Psychological stress and psychological well-being among sports coaches: A meta-synthesis of the qualitative research evidence. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 16 , 554-583.‏
  18. Ranjbari, M. (2011). Positive psychological components and its effect on well-being. Hormozgan University Counseling and Mental Health Department. (In Persian).
  19. Rice, S. M., Parker, A. G., Mawren, D., Clifton, P., Harcourt, P., Lloyd, M., & Purcell, R. (2020). Preliminary psychometric validation of a Brief Screening Tool for Athlete Mental Health Among Male Elite Athletes: The athlete psychological strain questionnaire.International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology18(6), 850-865.
  20. Ryff, C. D. (2014). Psychological well-being revisited: Advances in the science and practice of eudaimonia. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 83(1), 10-28.
  21. Salehian, M., & Ghadiri, S. (2019). Predicting cognitive regulation of emotion and psychological well-being on the athletic performance of professional and semi-professional athletes. Journal of Sports Psychology Studies, 8(29), 151-170. (In Persian).
  22. Scheadler, T. R., Reese, R. J., & Cormier, M. L. (2021). Relationships between athlete activist identities and resilience in college athletes. Journal of Athlete Development and Experience3(1), 43-57.‏
  23. Scott, C. E., Fry, M. D., Weingartner, H., & Wineinger, T. O. (2021). Collegiate sport club athletes’ psychological well-being and perceptions of their team climate. Recreational Sports Journal45(1), 17-26.‏
  24. Seimze, N. M., & Ali, A. (2021). Effects of psychological capital and self-esteem on emotional and behavioral problems among

 

adolescents. Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour, 24(2), 85-90.

  1. Snyder, C. R., Rand, K. L., & Sigmon, D. R. (2002). Hope theory. In Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 257-276). Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
  2. Stamp, E., Crust, L., Swann, C., Perry, J., Clough, P., & Marchant, D. (2015). Relationships between mental toughness and psychological wellbeing in undergraduate students. Personal Individual Differences, 75, 170-174.
  3. Surujlal, J., Van Zyl, Y., & Nolan, V. T. (2013). Perceived stress and coping skills of university student-athletes and the relationship with life satisfaction. African Journal for Physical Health Education, 19(42), 1047-1059.
  4. Taghipour, B., Gholami, F., Ranjbar, M., Rostam Oghli, M., & Barzegaran, R. (2019). The role of positive and negative emotions in predicting the psychological well-being of male student-athletes. School Psychology, 8(3), 40-55. (In Persian).
  5. Yang, H., Wen, X., & Xu, F. (2020). The influence of positive emotion and sports hope on pre-competition state anxiety in martial arts players. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1-10.
  6. Zareivash, F., Farhadi Nejad, M., Rastegar, A., & Mojahedy, M. (2020). Predicting resilience according to mizaj with moderating role of gender. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 12(3), 59-66.