Effects of cognitive rehabilitation training and rhythmic auditory stimulation on executive functions and pain self-efficacy in women with MS of Thran

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original research

Authors

1 1. Master's student, Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University

2 2. Assictant Professor, Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran Email: parisahejazi@alzahra.ac.ir

3 Associate Professor, Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran (Correspondilg outhor)

4 4. PhD Motor Behavior, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran Email: mahtabheydari7373@gmail.com

Abstract
Cognitive impairments are among the primary factors limiting activity and participation in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Rehabilitation interventions are considered an effective approach to alleviating MS-related symptoms. The present study aimed to examine the effects of cognitive rehabilitation training and rhythmic auditory stimulation on cold executive functions and pain self-efficacy in women with MS.The study sample comprised 30 women with MS, selected through purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion criteria. Participants completed the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) before being randomly assigned to two intervention groups: cognitive rehabilitation training and rhythmic auditory stimulation rehabilitation. Both groups underwent an 8-week intervention, with three 60-minute sessions per week. Pre-test and post-test assessments included the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, the N-Back working memory task, and the Go/No-Go task. The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that after removing the pre-test effect, in the post-test, the two groups made significant progress in the variables of working memory, presentation error, and omission error. Cognitive rehabilitation exercises have a significantly greater effect on improving cold executive functions and pain self-efficacy in women with MS. It is suggested that these exercises be used in the rehabilitation of people with MS.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Sport Psychology Studies

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 02 June 2025

  • Receive Date 09 April 2025
  • Revise Date 25 April 2025
  • Accept Date 02 June 2025