Biological experience of the psychological effects of political doping in Iranian professional football

Document Type : Original research

Authors
Ali Mohammad Safania 1
Reza Nikbakhsh 2
Amir Dana 3
1 Department of Physical Activity Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Iran
2 department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University
3 Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
10.22089/spsyj.2021.10442.2155
Abstract
The present study was designed and conducted with the aim of biological experience of the psychological effects of political doping in Iranian professional football. The method of the present study was a correlation type. The qualitative method used in the present study was phenomenological. Phenomenology studies the actual experiences of individuals, and it is believed that there are substances in these experiences that can be understood and studied. Participants in the present study included professional football players who were active in the Iranian Football Premier League and received political doping experience in sports. The data collection tool in the present study was a semi-structured interview. During this research, 3 main themes and 16 sub-themes were extracted. According to the results of the present study, the psychological effects of political doping in Iranian professional football were identified in three sections, including behavioral effects, psychological effects and social effects.
Keywords
Political
psychological
behavioral doping

Main Subjects

  1. Afjei, S., & Sajadi Naini, S. (2010). Evaluation and prioritization of the various forms of governmental support for small and medium sized enterprises. Tourism Management Studies, 5(13), 85-112. (In Persian).
  2. Barker-Ruchti, N., Schubring, A., Aarresola, O., Kerr, R., Grahn, K., & McMahon, J. (2018). Producing success: A critical analysis of athlete development governance in six countries. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics,10(2), 215-234.
  3. Börjesson, A., Lehtihet, M., Andersson, A., Dahl, M. L., Vicente, V., Ericsson, M., & Ekström, L. (2020). Studies of athlete biological passport biomarkers and clinical parameters in male and female users of anabolic androgenic steroids and other doping agents. Drug Testing and Analysis, 12(4), 514-523.
  4. Botero, C. M., & Zielinski, S. (2020). The implementation of a world-famous tourism ecolabel triggers political support for beach management. Tourism Management Perspectives, 35, 100691.
  5. Cha V. (2013). The Asian games and diplomacy in Asia: Korea–China–Russia. The International Journal of the History of Sport, 30(10), 1176-1187.
  6. Gustafsson, H., Lundqvist, C., & Tod, D. (2017). Cognitive behavioral intervention in sport psychology: A case illustration of the exposure method with an elite athlete. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 8(3), 152-162.
  7. Hopker, Y. O., Fedoruk, M., Mørkeberg, J., Bermon & Sottas, P. E. (2018). Athlete performance monitoring in anti-doping. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 232.1421-1431.
  8. Jaime M-S, Thomas Z.b & Mikel, Z. (2019). Attitudes, beliefs and knowledge related to doping in different categories of football players. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. Volume 22, Issue 9, 981-986
  9. Longstaff, F., & Gervis, M. (2016).

 

The use of counseling principles and skills to develop practitioner-athlete relationships by practitioners who provide sport psychology support. The Sport Psychologist, 30(3), 276-289.

  1. Maharati, Y., & Nazemi, S. (2013). The impact of environmental factors on growth and survival of small manufacturing firms of entrepreneurs in Iran. Transformation Management Journal, 4(7), 38-60. (In Persian).
  2. Mahoney, M. J., & Avener, M. (1977). Psychology of the elite athlete: An exploratory study. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1(2), 135-141.
  3. Myer, G. D., Jayanthi, N., Difiori, A. D., Kiefer & Micheli L. J. (2015). Sport specialization, part I: Does early sports specialization increase negative outcomes and reduce the opportunity for success in young athletes? Sports Health, 7(5), 437-442.
  4. Nichols, G., & James, M. (2008). One size does not fit all: Implications of sports club diversity for their effectiveness as a policy tool and for government support. Managing Leisure, 13(2), 104-114.
  5. Petróczi, A., Backhouse, S. H., Boardley, I. D., Saugy, M., Pitsiladis, Y., Viret, M., & McNamee, M. (2020). Clean athlete status’ cannot be certified: Calling for caution, evidence and transparency in ‘alternative’anti-doping systems.International Journal of Drug Policy, 26 (3). 866-878.

 

  1. Pigman, G. A. (2014). International sport and diplomacy's public dimension: Governments, sporting federations and the global audience. Diplomacy & Statecraft, 25(1), 94-114.
  2. Sabbaghian, A. (2016). Sport diplomacy. Journal of Culture-Communication Studies, 16(31), 132-151. (In Persian)..
  3. Sainsbury, E., Hendy, C., Magnusson, R., & Colagiuri, S. (2018). Public support for government regulatory interventions for overweight and obesity in Australia. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1-11.
  4. Santoalha, A., & Boschma, R. (2021). Diversifying in green technologies in European regions: Does political support matter?. Regional Studies, 55(2), 182-195.
  5. Schinke, R. J., & Stambulova, N. (2017). Context-driven sport and exercise psychology practice: Widening our lens beyond the athlete. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 8(2), 71-75.
  6. Stambulova, E., McCracken, C., Griffith K. L., Christino, M. A., Sugimoto, D., & Meehan, W. P. (2019). Team sport athletes may be less likely to suffer anxiety or depression than individual sport athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 18(3), 490-496.
  7. Thualagant, N., & Pfister, G. (2012). The fight against fitness doping in sports clubs–political discourses and strategies in Denmark. Performance Enhancement & Health, 1(2), 86-93.
  8. Wagner, U., & Hanstad, D. V. (2011). Scandinavian perspectives on doping–a comparative policy analysis in relation to the international process of institutionalizing anti-doping. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 3(3), 355-372.
Sport Psychology Studies
Volume 12, Issue 43
April 2023
Pages 117-136

  • Receive Date 03 May 2021
  • Revise Date 13 July 2021
  • Accept Date 02 August 2021