Document Type : Original research study
Authors
1 full professor
2 gilan
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to determine the adaptability, validity and reliability of Persian Version of the Sport Emotion Questionnaire (SEQ) among Athletes with Different Physical Activity Level. For this purpose, 224 athletes with different levels of skill completed the Sport Emotion Questionnaire (SEQ). Results of confirmatory factorial analysis, Cronbach’s alpha and intra-class correlation coefficients showed that this questionnaire was supported the 5-factorial and 22-item structural of the initial questionnaire, and confirm construct validity. Also, the reliability of Persian version of Sport Emotion Questionnaire (SEQ) was confirmed. Therefore, the Persian version of Sport Emotion Questionnaire (SEQ) has acceptable reliability and validity in Iranian athletes with different level of skills, and coaches, researchers and athletes can use this questionnaire.
Keywords
Main Subjects
- Anastasi, A., & Urbina, S. (1997). Psychological testing (7th). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
- Arnold, R., & Fletcher, D. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Sport Emotion Questionnaire in organisational environments. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(2), 169-179.
- Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York: Guilford Publications.
- Brunelle, J. P., Janelle, C. M., & Tennant, L. K. (1999). Controlling competitive anger among male soccer players. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 11, 283-297.
- Farrokhi, A., Motesharee, E., & Zeidabadi, R. (2012). Validity and realiability of Persian Version of Mood states of Broms 32 Item. Motor Behavior, 5(13), 15-40. (In Persian).
- Gill, D. (2000). Psychological dynamics in sport (N, Khageh Vand, trans). Tehran: Koosar Publications.
- Gould, D., Dieffenbach, K., & Moffatt, A. (2002). Psychological characteristics and their development in Olympic champions. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14, 172- 204.
- Gould, D., Guinan, D., Greenleaf, C., Medbery, R., & Peterson, K. (1999). Factors affecting Olympic performance: Perceptionsof athletes and coaches from more and less successful teams. The Sport Psychologist, 13, 371–394.
- Hanin, Y. L. (2000). Successful and poor performance emotions. In Y. L. Hanin (Ed.), Emotions in sport (pp. 157-187). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Hanin, Y., & Syrjä, P. (1995). Performance affects in junior ice hockey players: An application of the Individual Zones of Optimal Functioning model. The Sport Psychologist, 9, 169-187.
- Hooman, H. A. (1998). Structural equation modeling using laser software (3rd). Tehran: Samt Publications.
- Jackson, S. A. (2000). Joy, fun, and flow state in sport. In Y. L. Hanin (Ed.), Emotions in sport (pp. 135-155). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Jackson, S. A., & Marsh, H. W. (1996). Development and validation of a scale to measure optimal experience: The Flow State Scale. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 18, 17-35.
- Jackson, S. A., Thomas, P. R., Marsh, H. W., & Smethurst, C. J. (2001). Relationships between flow, self-concept, psychological skills, and performance. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 13, 129-153.
- Jones, M. V., Lane, A. M., Bray, S. R., Uphill, M., & Catlin, J. (2005). Development and validation of the Sport Emotion Questionnaire. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 27, 407–431.
- Jones, M. V., & Uphill, M. A. (2011). Emotions in sport: Antecedents and performance consequences. In J. Thatcher, M. Jones, & D. Lavallee (Eds.), Coping and emotion in sport (2nd pp. 33–61). London: Routledge.
- Lane, A. M., & Terry, P. C. (2000). The nature of mood: Development of a conceptual model with a focus on depression. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 12, 16-33.
- Lazarus, R. S. (1999). Stress and emotion: A new synthesis. New York, NY: Springer.
- Lazarus, R. S. (2000). How emotions influence performance in competitive sports. The Sport Psychologist, 14, 229–252.
- Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York, NY: Springer.
- Martens, R., Burton, D., Vealey, R.S., Bump, L.A. and Smith, D.E. (1990) Development and Validation of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2). In: Martens, R., Vealey, R.S. and Burton, D., Eds., Competitive Anxiety in sport, Human Kinetics, Chapaign, 117-190.
- Martinent, G., Campo, M., & Ferrand, C. (2012). A descriptive study of emotional process during competition: Nature, frequency, direction, duration and co-occurrence of discrete emotions. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13, 142–151.
- Maxwell, J. P., & Moores, E. (2007). The development of a short scale measuring aggressiveness and anger in competitive athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 8, 179–193.
- Meehan, H. L., Bull, S. J., Wood, D. M., & James, D. V. B. (2004). The overtraining syndrome: A multi-contextual assessment. The Sport Psychologist, 18, 154–171.
- Mels, L. S., Gomest, G., & Garino, L. G. (2012). Applied multivariate research (H. Pashsharifi, et al.). Tehran: Roshd Publications.
- Mellalieu, S. D., Hanton, S., & Fletcher, D. (2006). A competitiveanxiety review: Recent directions in sport psychologyresearch. In S. Hanton, & S. D. Mellalieu (Eds.), Literature reviews in sport psychology (pp. 1–45). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science.
- Shamsipour Dehkordi, P., Mohammad Taghi, M. (2019). Adaptability, Validity and Reliability of Persian Version of the Self - Presentation in Exercise Questionnaire among Athletes. Journal of Sport Psychology Studies, 27; Pp: 172-92. (in persian).
- Noblet, A., Rodwell, J., & McWilliams, J. (2003). Predictor’s ofthe strain experienced by professional Australian footballers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 15, 184–193.
- Parkinson, B., Totterdell, P., Briner, R. B., & Reynolds, S. (1996). Changing moods: The psychology of mood and mood regulation. London: Longman.
- Parrott, G. (2001). Emotions in social psychology. East sussex. England: Psychology Press.
- Raglin, J. S., & Hanin, Y. L. (2000). Competitive anxiety. In Y. L. Hanin (Ed.), Emotions in sport (pp. 39-63). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Smith, R. E., Smoll, F. L., & Schultz, R. W. (1990). Measurement and correlates of sportspecific cognitive and somatic trait anxiety: The Sport Anxiety Scale. Anxiety Research, 2, 263-280.
- Schinke, R. J., & Hanrahan, S. J. (Eds.). (2008). Cultural sport psychology. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Vallerand, R. J. (1983). On emotion in sport: Theoretical and social psychological perspectives. Journal of Sport Psychology, 5, 197–215.
- Vallerand, R. J., & Blanchard, C. M. (2000). The study of emotion in sport and exercise. In Y. L. Hanin (Eds.), Emotions in sport (pp. 3–38). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Zeidabadi R, Rezaee F, Motesharee E. (2012). Psychometric Properties and Normalization of Persian Version of Ottawa Mental Skills Assessment Tools (OMSAT-3). Sport Psychology Studies. 7: 63-82. (In Persian).
)