Document Type : Original research study
Authors
tabriz university
Abstract
This research aims at studying the effect of aerobic sport on capacity of visual memory among sedentary students regards the role of cognitive styles. The sample of this research is 24 ones 20-30 years old female students at University of Tabriz that do not have any record of experience or activity in aerobic sport and put in three groups. Group Embedded Figures and Corsi Block Test were used for gathering information. Aerobic sport training was conducted for 16 sessions in all three groups. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical t-test and one-way ANOVA and repeated measure. The results of this research showed that sport activity increased visual memory capacity. But as regards the observed results, no difference was seen in visual work memory in cognitive styles. These results show participants in sport activities can improve cognitive functions like as working memory
Keywords
Main Subjects
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30. Shahbazi, Mehdi. Shayan, Abolfazl. Samadi, Ali. Nemati, Zahra. (2012). The effect of resistance exercise on memory and neurotrophic factors of low-impact students. Growth and learning of movement-sports, 7 (1), 1-19. In Persian.
31. Shams A, Dehkordi PS, Tahmasbi F, Sangari M. (2020). Are attentional instruction and feedback type affect on learning of postural and supra-postural tasks? Neurological Science. 41(7):1773-1779.
32. Smith, A. M., et al. (2013). "Voluntary aerobic exercise increases the cognitive enhancing effects of working memory training." Behav Brain Res, 256, 626-635.
33. Sternberg, R. J. G., E.L. (1997). "Are cognitive styles still in style American psychologist," 52(7), 12-700.
34. Stroth, S., et al. (2009). "Aerobic endurance exercise benefits memory and affect in young adults." Neuropsychol Rehabil ,19(2), 223-243.
35. Tomporowski, P. D. (2003). "Effects of acute bouts of exercise on cognition." Acta Psychol (Amst), 112(3), 297-324.
36. Yan, H. (2010). "Cognitive styles affect choice response time and accuracy." Personality and Individual Differences, 48(5), 747-751
2. Amador-Campos, J. A. K.-N., T. (1999). "Correlations among scores on measures of field dependence and independence cognitive style, cognitive ability, and attention." Percept Mot Skills, 88, 236-239.
3. Baddeley, A. (2007). "Working memory, thought and action.". Oxford: Oxford University Press.
4. Binandeh, Y. Gadiri, F. Bahram, A. (2017). The Effect of Cognitive Styles on Implicit Learning Learning. Sport management and motor behavior research, 13 (26), 69-78. In Persian.
5. Brouwer, A. M. and D. C. Knill (2009). "Humans use visual and remembered information about object location to plan pointing movements." J Vis, 9(1), 24.21-19.
6. Clarkson-Smith, L. and A. A. Hartley (1989). "Relationships between physical exercise and cognitive abilities in older adults." Psychol Aging, 4(2), 183-189.
7. Colcombe, S. J., et al. (2006). "Aerobic exercise training increases brain volume in aging humans." J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci,61 (11), 1166-1170.
8. Dehganizadeh, J. L., M. Hoseini, F. (2015). "The effect of aerobics training with intermediate intensity on working memory and mental rotation." Motor Behaviour, 20, 147-162. In Persian.
9. Engle, R.W. (2002). Working memory capacity as executive attention. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 11:19–23.
10. Erickson, K. I., et al. (2009). "Aerobic fitness is associated with hippocampal volume in elderly humans." Hippocampus. 19(10), 1030-1039.
11. Eskandarnejad, M. (2015). "Guide and Education of Aerobics foundation movement". 1th Edition. Tabriz:Akhtar Publication. In Persian.
12. Farhadinia, H. (2012). "The relation of spatial ability and Cognitive styles." Master thesis. Kharazmi University. In Persian.
13. Haskell, W. L., et al. (2007). "Physical activity and public health: Updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association." Med Sci Sports Exer, 39(8), 1423-1434.
14. Hillman, C. H., et al. (2008). "Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition." Nat Rev Neurosci, 9(1), 58-65.
15. Hotting, K., et al. (2012). "Long-term effects of physical exercise on verbal learning and memory in middle-aged adults: results of a one-year follow-up study." Brain Sci, 2(3), 332-346.
16. Irandust, K. T., M. Seggatoleslam, A. (2012). "Comparison the effect of aerobics training in water and yuga on elder men memory and dynamic balance ". Growth And Learning Exercises, 6(4), 463-473. In Persian.
17. Lichtman, S. and E. G. Poser (1983). "The effects of exercise on mood and cognitive functioning." J Psychosom Res, 27(1), 43-52.
18. Liu, W. (2006). "Field dependence-independence and participation in physical activity by college students." Percept Mot Skills, 102(3), 806-814.
19. Liu, W. C.-T., JR. (2008). "Associations among field dependence-independence, sports participation, and physical activity level among school children." Motor Behavior, 31(2), 130-146.
20. Luck, S. J. (2008). Visual Memory. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, USA.
21. Lupu, E. (2015). "A study regarding the impact of motor activities on the students’ working memory." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 187, 514-519.
22. Martins, A. K., M. Willoghby, A. Ring, C. (2013). "Moderate intensity exercise facilitates working memory." Psychol Sports Exerc, 14, 23-83.
23. Matthews, B. P., M.B. Hillman, B. Fernhall, K.M. Thompson, K.M. Valntini, T.A. (2009). "The Effect of Acute Aerobic and Resistance Exercise on Working Memory." Med. Sci. Sports Exerc, 41(4), 927-934.
24. Mobayyen, F. (2015). Effect of compound basketball training on working memory, depth perception and learning of pass skill on ADHD children. Master thesis. Tabriz University. In Persian
25. Pontifex, M. B., Hillman, C. H., Fernhall, B., Thompson, K. M., & Valentini, T. A. (2009). "The effect of acute aerobic and resistance exercise on working memory". Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise journal, 41(4), 927-934.
26. Qutbi varzaneh, A. Z., M. Saemi, A. Maleki, F. (2012). "The effect of Cognitive styles on accuracy, working memory role." Growth and Learning Exercises, 10, 61-78. In Persian.
27. Rashki, Z. Samadi, A. Nasiri, E. (2018). Comparison of the effect of two simple sports activity (aerobic) (on the operating values Neural Growth-Derived from Brain and Cognitive Performance of Teenage Girls. “Physiology and management research in sports”,10(2), 31-43. In Persian.
28. Robotham, D. (1995). Self-directed learning: the ultimate learning style? Journal of European Industrial Training, 19(7), 3-7.
29. Schneck, C. (2010a). Visual perception. In J. Case-Smith & J. C. O’Brien (Eds.), Occupational therapy for children (6th ed.) (pp. 373-403). Maryland Heights, MO: Mosby ElsevierCooper, R., et al. (2011). "Objective measures of physical capability and subsequent health: a systematic review." Age Ageing, 40(1), 14-23.
30. Shahbazi, Mehdi. Shayan, Abolfazl. Samadi, Ali. Nemati, Zahra. (2012). The effect of resistance exercise on memory and neurotrophic factors of low-impact students. Growth and learning of movement-sports, 7 (1), 1-19. In Persian.
31. Shams A, Dehkordi PS, Tahmasbi F, Sangari M. (2020). Are attentional instruction and feedback type affect on learning of postural and supra-postural tasks? Neurological Science. 41(7):1773-1779.
32. Smith, A. M., et al. (2013). "Voluntary aerobic exercise increases the cognitive enhancing effects of working memory training." Behav Brain Res, 256, 626-635.
33. Sternberg, R. J. G., E.L. (1997). "Are cognitive styles still in style American psychologist," 52(7), 12-700.
34. Stroth, S., et al. (2009). "Aerobic endurance exercise benefits memory and affect in young adults." Neuropsychol Rehabil ,19(2), 223-243.
35. Tomporowski, P. D. (2003). "Effects of acute bouts of exercise on cognition." Acta Psychol (Amst), 112(3), 297-324.
36. Yan, H. (2010). "Cognitive styles affect choice response time and accuracy." Personality and Individual Differences, 48(5), 747-751
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