مطالعات روان‌شناسی ورزشی

شماره جاری

بر اساس شماره‌های نشریه

بر اساس نویسندگان

بر اساس موضوعات

نمایه نویسندگان

نمایه کلیدواژه ها

در باره نشریه

اهداف و چشم انداز

اعضای هیات تحریریه

داوران

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

پیوندهای مفید

پرسش‌های متداول

هزینه های دریافتی نشریه

راهنمای نگارش مقاله

فرم ها

فرایند پذیرش مقالات

تأثیر مراقبه ذهن آگاهی بر وضعیت ذهن آگاهی، حالت اجرای روان (سبکبالی) و عملکرد ورزشی

نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 هیات علمی

2 هیات علمی پژوهشگاه تربیت بدنی

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، تأثیر مراقبة ذهن‌آگاهی بر وضعیت ذهن‌آگاهی، حالت اجرای روان (سبک‌بالی) و عملکرد ورزشی ورزشکاران رشتة تنیس روی میز بود. تعداد 30 ورزشکار مرد تنیس روی میز از لیگ والیبال، به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و تجربی قرار گرفتند. برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات، از پرسش‌نامة ذهن‌آگاهی ورزشی، پرسش‌نامة اجرای روان وضعیتی و پرسش‌نامة عملکرد ورزشکاران چاربونیو استفاده شد. گروه تجربی به‌مدت شش هفتة دو‌جلسه‌ای، براساس پروتکل ذهن‌آگاهی ورزشی تحت آموزش‌های ذهن‌آگاهی قرار گرفتند. برای مقایسة متغیرها، از آزمون تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که وضعیت ذهن‌آگاهی، روانی اجرا (سبک‌بالی) و عملکرد، در گروه تجربی به‌طور معناداری نسبت به گروه کنترل بهبود یافته است. با توجه به اثر تمرینات ذهن‌آگاهی بر وضعیت ذهن‌آگاهی، سبک‌بالی و اجرای ورزشکاران، این تمرینات می‌توانند درکنار دیگر تمرینات و مهارت‌های روان‌شناختی برای توسعة عملکرد ورزشی ورزشکاران به‌کار برده شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of mindful Meditation on the mindfulness' state, flow state and sport performance

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Aaghababa 1
  • Ali Kashi 2

1 faculty member

2 faculty member of sport science research institute

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to investigate" The effect of mindful Meditation on the mindfulness' state, flow state and performance in table tennis players. 30 subjects were selected as samples and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The mindfulness inventory for sport, flow State Scale and sport performance tests were used to collect the data. The experience group were under the mindfulness training protocol for six weeks and two sessions weekly. The variance analysis with repeated measurements were used to compare the variables between two groups. The results show that the mindfulness state, flow state and performance, have been globally improved significantly in experimental group compared to the control group. Hence the findings show that the effect of mindful meditation on mindful state, flow state and sport performance, can therefore be used as mediator to improve sport performance along with the other psychological skills

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • mindfulness
  • flow state
  • performance
  • table tennis
مراجع
  1. Aherne, C. Moran, A. P., & Lonsdale, C. (2011). The effect of mindfulness training on athletes’ flow: An initial investigation. The Sport Psychologist, 25(2), 177-189. ‏
  2. Alidina, S. (2014). Mindfulness for dummies. John Wiley & Sons.Analysis of Jackson’s flow state scale (1999). Journal of Outcome Measurement, 3(3), 278-294
  3. Atchley, A. R. (2011). An examination of the effects of mindfulness and task-relevant attentional focus on running performance.
  4. Baer, R. A. (Ed.). (2015). Mindfulness-based treatment approaches: Clinician's guide to evidence base and applications. Elsevier.
  5. Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J. & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1), 27-45.
  6. Baer, R. A. (2003). Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: A conceptual and empirical review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 125- 143.
  7. Baltzell, A., & Akhtar, V. L. (2014). Mindfulness meditation training for sport (MMTS) intervention: Impact of MMTS with division I female athletes. Journal of Happiness and Well-being, 2(2), 160-173.
  8. Beilock, S.L. (2010). Choke: what the secrets of the brain reveal about getting it right when youhave to. New York, US: Free Press.
  9. Bernier, M., Thienot, E., Cordon, R., & Fournier, J. F. (2009). Mindfulness and Acceptance Approaches in Sport Performance. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 25, 320-333
  10. Birrer, D., Röthlin, P., & Morgan, G. (2012). Mindfulness to enhance athletic performance: Theoretical considerations and possible impact mechanisms. Mindfulness, 3(3), 235-246.
  11. Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of personality and social psychology, 84(4), 822.
  12. Chambers, R., Lo, B. C. Y., & Allen, N. B. (2008). The impact of intensive mindfulness training on attentional control, cognitive style, and affect. Cognitive therapy and research, 32(3), 303-322.
  13. Crum, A. J., & Langer, E. J. (2007). Mind-set matters: Exercise and the placebo effect. Psychological Science, 18(2), 165-171. ‏Csikszentimihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. New York: Harper and Row.
  14. David. (2015) Effects of a mindfulness meditation intervention on the flow experiences of college soccer players. Masterʼs thesis. Miami University Miami.
  15. De Petrillo, L. A., Kaufman, K. A., Glass, C. R., & Arnkoff, D. B. (2009). Mindfulness for long-distance runners: An open trial using Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement (MSPE). Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 3(4), 357-376.
  16. Didonna, F. (2009). Introduction: Where new and old paths to dealing with suffering meet. In Clinical handbook of mindfulness (pp. 1-14). Springer, New York, NY.
  17. Fredrickson, B. L., Cohn, M. A., Coffey, K. A., Pek, J., & Finkel, S. M. (2008). Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(5), 1045-1062.
  18. Garland, E. L., Gaylord, S. A., Boettiger, C. A., & Howard, M. O. (2010). Mindfulness training modifies cognitive, affective, and physiological mechanisms implicated in alcohol dependence: results of a randomized controlled pilot trial. Journal of psychoactive drugs, 42(2), 177-192.
  19. Gardner, F. L. & Moore, Z. E. (2006). Clinical sport psychology. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  20. Gardner, F. L., & Moore, Z. E. (2007). The psychology of enhancing human performance. The mindfulness–acceptance–commitment approach (MAC). New York: Springer.
  21. Gardner, F. L., & Moore, Z.E. (2004). A mindfulness-acceptance-commitment-based approach to athletic performance enhancement: Theoretical considerations. Behavior Therapy, 35,707–723.
  22. Geschwind, N., Peeters, F., Drukker, M., van Os, J., & Wichers, M. (2011). Mindfulness training increases momentary positive emotions and reward experience in adults vulnerable to depression: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 79(5), 618-628.
  23. Gooding, A., & Gardner, F. L. (2009). An investigation of the relationship between mindfulness, preshot routine, and basketball free throw percentage. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 25(4), 303-319.
  24. Gould, D., & Maynard, I. (2009). Psychological preparation for the Olympic Games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(13), 1393–1408.
  25. Goyal, M., Singh, S., Sibinga, E. M., Gould, N. F., Rowland-Seymour, A., Sharma, R., ..., & Ranasinghe, P. D. (2014). Meditation programs for psychological stress and well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Internal Medicine, 174(3), 357-368.
  26. Gross, M., Moore, Z. E., Gardner, F. L., Wolanin, A. T., Pess, R., & Marks, D. R. (2016). An empirical examination comparing the mindfulness-acceptance-commitment approach and psychological skills training for the mental health and sport performance of female student athletes. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology,16(4) 431-451.
  27. Gucciardi, D. F., Gordon, S., & Dimmock, J. A. (2008). Towards an understanding of mental toughness in Australian football. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 20, 261–281.
  28. Hardy, L., Jones, G., & Gould, D. (1996). Understanding psychological preparation for sport: Theory and practice of elite performers. New York: Wiley.
  29. Harmison, R. J. (2006). Peak performance in sport: Identifying ideal performance states and developing athletes' psychological skills. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 37(3), 233.
  30. Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K., & Wilson, K. G. (1999). Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change. New York: Guilford Press.
  31. Hemayat talab, R., Khabiri, M., & Zare, M. (2017). Psychometric properties of Persian version of mindfulness inventory for sport (MIS). Journal of Sport Psychology Studies, 18, 77-94. (In Persian).
  32. Hosseini, S. A, A., Farahani, M. N, & Kamel, E.(2008). Psychometrics of the constructs with more subjective qualities: Investigation of the factor structure of flow state scale in the athletes. Research on Cognitive Health Quarterly, 2(2), 63-72. (In Persian).
  33. Jackson, S. A., & Eklund, R. C. (2002). Assessing flow in physical activity: The flow state scale–2 and dispositional flow scale–2. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 24(2), 133-150.
  34. Jackson, S. A., & Kimiecik, J. C. (2008). The flow perspective of optimal experience in sport and physical activity. In T.S. Horn (Ed.), Advances in sport and exercise psychology (3rd ed., pp. 377–399). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  35. Jekauc, D., Kittler, C., & Schlagheck, M. (2017). Effectiveness of a mindfulness-based intervention for athletes. Psychology, 8, 1-13.
  36. John, S., Verma, S. K., & Khanna, G. L. (2011). The effect of mindfulness meditation on HPA-Axis in pre-competition stress in sports performance of elite shooters. National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine, 2(3), 15-21.
  37. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2002). Commentary on Majumdar et al.: Mindfulness meditation for health. The Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine, 8(6), 731-735.
  38. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 144-156.
  39. Kabat-Zinn, J., Beall, B., & Rippe, J. (1985). A systematic mental training program based on mindfulness meditation to optimize performance in collegiate and Olympic rowers. Paper Presented at the World Congress in Sport Psychology, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  40. Kabat-Zinn, J., Lipworth, L., Burncy, R., & Sellers, W. (1986). Four-year follow-up of a meditation-based program for the self-regulation of chronic pain: Treatment outcomes and compliance. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 2(3), 159-774.
  41. Kang, C., & Whittingham, K. (2010). Mindfulness: A dialogue between Buddhism and clinical psychology. Mindfulness, 1(3), 161-173.
  42. Kaufman, K. A., Glass, C. R., & Arnkoff, D. B. (2009). Evaluation of mindful sport performance enhancement (MPSE): A new approach to promote flow in athletes. Journal of Clinical Sports Psychology, 4, 334-356.
  43. Kee, Y. H., & Wang, C. K. J. (2008). Relationships between mindfulness, flow dispositions and mental skills adoption: A cluster analytic approach. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 9, 393–411.
  44. Keng, S-.L., Smoski, M. J., & Robins, C. J. (2011). Effects of mindfulness on psychological health: A review of empirical studies. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 1041–1056.
  45. Marks, D. R. (2008). The Buddha’s extra scoop: Neural correlates of mindfulness and clinical sport psychology. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 2, 216-241.
  46. Morris, T., Alfermann, D., Lintunen, T., & Hall, H. (2003). Training and selection of sport psychologists: An international review. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1, 139–154.
  47. Neil, R., Hanton, S., Mellalieu, S. D., & Fletcher, D. (2011). Competition stress and emotions in sport performers: The role of further appraisals. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12(4), 460-470.
  48. Ortner, C. N., Kilner, S. J., & Zelazo, P. D. (2007). Mindfulness meditation and reduced emotional interference on a cognitive task. Motivation and Emotion, 31(4), 271-283.
  49. Pepping, C. A., O’Donovan, A., & Davis, P. J. (2014). The differential relationship between mindfulness and attachment in experienced and inexperienced meditators. Mindfulness, 5(4), 392-399.
  50. Pineau, T. R. (2013). Effects of mindful sport performance enhancement (MSPE) on running performance and body image: Does self-compassion make a difference. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The Catholic University of America, Washington DC,
  51. Pineau, T. R., Glass, C. R., Kaufman, K. A., & Bernal, D. R. (2014). Self-and team-efficacy beliefs of rowers and their relation to mindfulness and flow. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 8, 142-158.
  52. Pineau, T. R., Kaufman, K. A., & Glass, C. R. (2012). Effects of mindful sport performance enhancement (MSPE) on running performance and body image: Does self-compassion make a difference? Manuscript in preparation, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC. 
  53. Ravizza, K. (2001). Increasing awareness for sport performance. In J. M. Williams (Ed.), Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance (pp. 171–181). California: Mayfield Publishing Company.
  54. Robazza, C., Pellizzari, M., & Hanin, Y. (2004). Emotion self-regulation and athletic performance: An application of the IZOF model. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 5(4), 379-404.
  55. Shabanibahar, G. Yaghoobi, A. Journal of sport research Vol28,81-92.
  56.  Farooghi, H (2008). Determining the relationship between emotional intelligence and athletic performance in Hamedan province.
  57. Sheard, M., & Golby, J. (2006). Effect of a psychological skills training program on swimming performance and positive psychological development. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 4(2), 149-169
  58. Thienot, E., Jackson, B., Dimmock, J., Grove, J. R., Bernier, M., & Fournier, J. F. (2014). Development and preliminary validation of the mindfulness inventory for sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 15(1), 72-80.
  59. Thompson, R. W., Kaufman, K. A., De Petrillo, L. A., Glass, C. R., & Arnkoff, D. B. (2011). One-year follow-up of mindful sport performance enhancement (MSPE) with archers, golfers, and runners. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 5(2), 99-116. ‏
  60. Vago, D. R., & Silbersweig, D. A. (2012). Self-awareness, self-regulation, and selftranscedence (S-ART): A framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 6, 296
  61. Vealey, R. (2007) Mental skills training in sport. In: Tenenbaum G, Eklund RC, eds. Handbook of sport psychology (3rd ed., pp. 287– 309). Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
  62. Wehlen, J., Mahoney, M., & Meyers, A. (1991). Performance enhancement in sport: a cognitive behavioral domain. Behavior Therapy, 22, 307-327.
  63. Weinberg, R., & Gould, D. (2010) Foundations of sport and exercise psychology. (5th ed.) Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  64. Williams, Jean (2010). Applied Sport Psychology: Personal Growth to Peak Performance (6th ed.). Mayfield Publishing, Mountain View, CA.
  65. Wolanin, A. T. (2005). Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) based performance enhancement for Division I collegiate athletes: A preliminary investigation (Doctoral dissertation, ProQuest Information & Learning).
  66. Zaidan, F., Johnson, S. K., Diamond, B. J., David, Z., & Goolkasian, P. (2010). Mindfulness meditation improves cognition: Evidence of brief mental training. Consciousness and Cognition, 19, 597–605.
  67. Zeidan, F., Johnson, S. K., Gordon, N. S., & Goolkasian, P. (2010). Effects of brief and sham mindfulness meditation on mood and cardiovascular variables. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 16(8), 867-873.

مطالعات روان‌شناسی ورزشی
دوره 7، شماره 25 - شماره پیاپی 25
مهر 1397
صفحه 89-110
فایل ها
سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 09 خرداد 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 05 آبان 1397
هم رسانی
ارجاع به این مقاله
آمار