تاثیر جنسیت و نوع رشته ورزشی بر انگیزش پیشرفت و ترس از شکست در ورزشکاران نخبه تیمی و انفرادی

نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه الزهرا (س)، تهران

2 استادیار گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه الزهرا (س) تهران

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، بررسی تأثیر جنسیت و رشتة ورزشی بر انگیزش پیشرفت و ترس از شکست در ورزشکاران نخبه بود. 200 ورزشکار با سابقه پنج تا هفت سال فعالیت در رشته‌های تیمی و انفرادی، ازطریق نمونه گیری هدفمند و دردسترس انتخاب شدند. پرسش‌نامه‌های ورزش­گرایی و ارزیابی شکست در عملکرد تکمیل شدند. تحلیل داده­ها با استفاده از آزمون تی مستقل، ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون چندمتغیره نشان داد که ورزشکاران مرد رقابت‌طلب‌تر و تمایل بیشتری به پیروزی دارند؛ درحالی‌که ورزشکاران زن هدف‌گراترند. زنان و ورزشکاران تیمی نسبت به مردان و ورزشکاران انفرادی ترس از شکست بیشتری دارند. رشته­های تیمی، پیروزی­گراتر و رشته­های انفرادی، رقابت‌طلب‌تر و هدف‌گراتر هستند. یافته‌ها تأثیر عوامل مختلف بر انگیزش پیشرفت و ترس از شکست را تأیید کرد و ضرورت به‌کارگیری مداخلات روان‌شناسی را به‌ویژه در زنان و ورزشکاران تیمی درراستای ارتقای انگیزش پیشرفت و کاهش ترس از شکست تبیین می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of gender and sport type on achievement motivation and fear of failure of elite athlete in team-sport and individual-sport

نویسندگان [English]

  • maryam Amiryan 1
  • Parisa Hejazi Dinan 2
  • Maryam Rahimian Mashhadi 2
1 Alzahra university
2 Motor behavior, sport science, Alzahra university Vanak Tehran Iran
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of gender and sport type on achievement motivation and fear of failure in elite athletes. Two hundred athletes competing nationally or internationally with 5-7 years of experiences, enrolled in the study based on convenience and purposive sampling method. The Sport Orientation and Appraisal Questionnaires were filled out. Data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression. Results showed male athletes are more competitive, while female athletes are more goal-oriented. Female and athletes in team sports experience more fear of failure compared with male and individual sports athlete. Team sport athlete have more desire of victory while individual sports athlete are more competitive and goal-oriented. Based on the results, different factors can influence achievement motivation and fear of failure. Psychological intervention is recommended especially for female and team sports athlete to promote achievement motivation and control fear of failure.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Achievement motivation
  • Fear of failure
  • Team sports
  • Individual sports
  • Gender

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 اسفند 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 31 اردیبهشت 1397

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