نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکترا، دانشکده رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران
3 دانشیار، گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران
چکیده
هدف از این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر تمرین در شرایط فشار روانشناختی بالا بر اجرا در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و مسابقه بود. برای این منظور 60 نفر (میانگین سنی=6/2 ±4/21 سال) با استفاده از نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و بر اساس نمره پیش آزمون به دو گروه با فشار روانشناختی بالا و پایین تقسیم شدند. شوت جفت بسکتبال به عنوان تکلیف هدف در این مطالعه مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. شرکتکنندگان بر اساس گروهبندی مربوطه به مدت ده جلسه به تمرین تکلیف پرداختند. 48 ساعت بعد از آخرین جلسه تمرین آزمون یادداری و انتقال (اجرا در حین یک مسابقه واقعی) اجرا شدند. دقت پرتاب شرکتکنندگان به عنوان متغیر وابسته توسط آزمون ایفرد مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد در آزمون یادداری تفاوتی بین عملکرد گروهها وجود ندارد؛ اما در آزمون انتقال، گروهی که تحت شرایط فشار روانشناختی بالا تمرین کرده بود، دقت بالاتری داشت. این نتایج بر اساس فرضیه اختصاصی بودن تمرین توجیه شدند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of Practicing under High Psychological Pressure on the Performance and Learning of the Basketball Jump Shot: A Test on the Practice Specificity Hypothesis
نویسندگان [English]
- Sima Mokari Saei 1
- fatemeh sadat hosseini 2
- Malek Ahmadi 3
1 Phd Student, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Iran
2 Member of the Faculty of Physical Education, University of Urmia
3 Islamic Azad University, Urmia Branch
چکیده [English]
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of practicing under high psychological pressure on performance in laboratory and competition conditions. Totally, 60 participants (mean age=21.4±2.6) were selected using available sampling method and divided into two high and low psychological pressure groups. The basketball jump shot was used as the target task in the current study. Participants practiced the task for 10 sessions. The retention and transfer (performance in a real match) tests were conducted 48 hours after the last session of practice. The throwing accuracy of participants was assessed by AAHPERD test. The results showed that there was no significant difference between groups in retention test. However, in the transfer test, the high psychological pressure group had higher accuracy than the low one. These results interpreted the practice specificity hypothesis.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Psychological Pressure
- Laboratory Conditions
- Match Conditions
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