نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل
نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه تبریز، گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، ایران
2 گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تأثیر بازی خودانگیخته در طبیعت بر رفتار بازی و شادی کودکان پیش‌دبستانی بود.بدین منظور 45 کودک 6-4 سالۀ تبریز به عنوان نمونه آماری به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند در سه گروه فضای باز ، فضای سرپوشیده و کنترل انتخاب شدند. رفتار بازی و شادی کودکان به ترتیب با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه مقیاس رفتار کودکان پیش‌دبستانی در بازی و پرسش‌نامه شادکامی آکسفورد به‌صورت پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج تحلیل واریانس مرکب نشان داد که فعالیت در فضای باز بین پیش و پس آزمون بر رفتار بازی و شادی کودکان تأثیر معناداری داشته به‌طوری که 71% از تغییرات در رفتار بازی و 98% از تغییرات در شادی کودکان تحت تأثیر فعالیت آن‌ها در فضای باز طبیعی بود درحالی‌که فعالیت در فضای سرپوشیده در رفتار بازی و شادی کودکان تأثیر معناداری نداشت. نتایج با توجه به نظریات زیست بوم شناختی برون فنبرنر و شناختی پیاژه بحث شدند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Effect of Spontaneous Play in Nature on the Play Behavior and Happiness of Pre-School Children
نویسندگان [English]
- Zahra Fathirezaie 1
- mina keshavarz 2
- Seyyed Hojjat Zamani 2
1 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Physical Education & Sport Science Faculty, University of Tabriz
2 MS student of Motor Development, Physical Education & Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of spontaneous play in nature on play behavior and happiness of the pre-school children. To this end, 45 children aged 4 to 6 were selected as a sample from Tabriz, in three groups of the outdoor, indoor space, and control. Play behavioral and children's happiness were measured respectively using the pre-school children's behavior in the play, oxford happiness questionnaire, pretest-posttest. Mix ANOVA showed that outdoor activity between pretest-posttest had a significant effect on play behavior and happiness of the children, so that 71% of changes in the play behavior and 98 %of changes in the happiness of the children were affected by their nature outdoor activities. It is while activity in indoors did not have a significant effect on children's play behavior and happiness. The results were discussed with respect to the external bronfenbrenner biomechanical and Piaget cognitive theory.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Play Behavior
- Happiness
- Outdoor Space
- Children
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