نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل
نویسندگان
1 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 دکتری تخصصی روانشناسی ورزشی ،دانشکده علوم ورزشی ،دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
چکیده
حوادث طبیعی از جمله زلزله و پیامدهای ناشی از آن همواره زندگی انسان‌ها را در معرض خطر قرار داده است و باعث می شود تا فشارهای روانی ،که از مخرب ترین نیروهای مؤثر بر انسان به شمار می آید، به شکل چشم گیری افزایش یابد و زندگی انسان را دچار اختلال سازد. بنابراین هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی اثر هشت هفته تمرین هوازی بر اضطراب، افسردگی و پرخاشگری دختران دبیرستانی زلزله-زده شهر سرپل ذهاب بود. بدین منظور، تعداد 30 دانش‌آموزان دختر دبیرستانی شهرستان سرپل ذهاب به صورت داوطلبانه در این پژوهش شرکت کردند. این افراد به طور تصادفی به دو گروه 15 نفره تمرین هوازی و کنترل تقسیم شدند. ابزار اندازه‌گیری شامل پرسشنامه اضطراب بک، پرسشنامه افسردگی بک و پرسشنامه پرخاشگری بود. در بخش آماری از آزمون تحلیل واریانس با اندازه گیری های تکراری با طرح 2×2 استفاده شد. همچنین از آزمون t وابسته برای بررسی اثر تمرین از پیش به پس آزمون استفاده شد. یافته ها نشان داد هشت هفته تمرین هوازی باعث کاهش معناداری در سطوح اضطراب، افسردگی و پرخاشگری (P<0.001) در گروه تمرین شد. اما، در گروه کنترل تغییر معناداری مشاهده نشد. در نهایت می‌توان بیان کرد یک دوره هشت هفته ای تمرین هوازی سبب بهبود اضطراب، افسردگی و پرخاشگری در دانش آموزان دختر پس از تجربه یک زمین لرزه شدید خواهد شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Training on Psychological Features in Girl Students
نویسندگان [English]
- Zahra Abasian 1
- Vahid Tadibi 1
- Adeleh Zehtab Najafi 2
1 Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sports Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 PhD of Exercise Psychology, School of Sports Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده [English]
The hazards caused by natural disasters, including the earthquake and its aftershocks, had always exposed human life to risk and lead to the increasing mental stress, which is one of the most destructive forces affecting the human life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training on anxiety, depression, and aggression in high school girls in Sarpol-e Zahab city after the earthquake.For this purpose, 30 high school girls from Sarpol-e Zahab, were participating in this study, voluntarily. The participants were randomly divided into two equal groups of 15, including aerobic training and control group. The measurement questionnaires of the study included the Beck anxiety questionnaire (BAI), Beck depression questionnaire, and AGQ aggression questionnaire. Data were analyzed by a two-way repeated measures ANOVA. In addition, the paired t-test was used to analyze pretest vs. posttest data. The results showed that eight weeks of aerobic exercise significantly decreased the levels of anxiety, depression, and aggression (p<0.001). However, no significant improvement was observed in the control group. In conclusion, it can be claimed that eight weeks of aerobic training can reduce the levels of anxiety, depression and aggression in girl students after an intense earthquake experience
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Psychological Features
- Adolescents
- Physical activity
- Earthquake
1. Al-Qahtani, A. M., Shaikh, M. A. K., & Shaikh, I. A. (2018). Exercise as a treatment modality for depression: A narrative review. Alexandria journal of medicine, 54(4), 429-435.
2. Bal, A., & Jensen, B. (2007). Post-traumatic stress disorder symptom clusters in Turkish child and adolescent trauma survivors. European child & adolescent psychiatry, 16(7), 449-457.
3. Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A. and Brown, G. K. (1996). Beck depression inventory (2nd ed.). San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation
4. Beck, AT, Steer, RA. (1990). The Beck Anxiety Inventory Manual. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
5. Blanck, P., Perleth, S., Heidenreich, T., Kröger, P., Ditzen, B., Bents, H., & Mander, J. (2018). Effects of mindfulness exercises as stand-alone intervention on symptoms of anxiety and depression: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Behaviour research and therapy, 102, 25-35.
6. Carter, T., Morres, I. D., Meade, O., & Callaghan, P. (2016). The effect of exercise on depressive symptoms in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 55(7), 580-590.
7. Chen, H.-M., Tsai, C.-M., Wu, Y.-C., Lin, K.-C., & Lin, C.-C. (2015). Randomised controlled trial on the effectiveness of home-based walking exercise on anxiety, depression and cancer-related symptoms in patients with lung cancer. British journal of cancer, 112(3), 438.
8. Da Silva, M. A., Singh-Manoux, A., Brunner, E. J., Kaffashian, S., Shipley, M. J., Kivimäki, M., & Nabi, H. (2012) Bidirectional association between physical activity and symptoms of anxiety and depression: the Whitehall II study. European journal of epidemiology, 27(7), 537-546.
9. Davenport, M. H., McCurdy, A. P., Mottola, M. F., Skow, R. J., Meah, V. L., Poitras, V. J., . . . Riske, L. (2018). Impact of prenatal exercise on both prenatal and postnatal anxiety and depressive symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. British journal of sports medicine, 52(21), 1376-1385.
10. Dabson, E. and Mohammadkhani, P. (2007). Psychometric features of depression inventory-II in depressive disorders in partial remission. Journal of Rehabilitation, 8(29), 80-86. (In Persian).
11. Farrokhnia, A., Pirasteh, S., Pradhan, B., Pourkermani, M., & Arian, M. (2011). A recent scenario of mass wasting and its impact on the transportation in Alborz Mountains, Iran using geo-information technology. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 4(7-8), 1337-1349. (In persian)
12. Firth, J., Rosenbaum, S., Stubbs, B., Gorczynski, P., Yung, A. R., & Vancampfort, D. (2016). Motivating factors and barriers towards exercise in severe mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological medicine, 46(14), 2869-2881.
13. Garvey, C., Bayles, M. P., Hamm, L. F., Hill, K., Holland, A., Limberg, T. M., & Spruit, M. A. (2016). Pulmonary rehabilitation exercise prescription in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: review of selected guidelines. Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention, 36(2), 75-83.
14. Giannopoulou, I., Strouthos, M., Smith, P., Dikaiakou, A., Galanopoulou, V., & Yule, W. (2006). Post-traumatic stress reactions of children and adolescents exposed to the Athens 1999 earthquake. European Psychiatry, 21(3), 160-166.
15. Helgadóttir, B., Forsell, Y., Hallgren, M., Möller, J., & Ekblom, Ö. (2017). Long-term effects of exercise at different intensity levels on depression: A randomized controlled trial. Preventive medicine, 105, 37-46.
16. Kilic MD, C. (2001). Treatment strategies for post‐traumatic stress disorder: need for brief and effective interventions. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 104(6), 409-411.
17. Morgan, J. A., Singhal, G., Corrigan, F., Jaehne, E. J., Jawahar, M. C., & Baune, B. T. (2018). Exercise related anxiety-like behaviours are mediated by TNF receptor signaling, but not depression-like behaviours. Brain research, 1695, 10-17.
18. Morres, I. D., Hatzigeorgiadis, A., Stathi, A., Comoutos, N., Arpin‐Cribbie, C., Krommidas, C., & Theodorakis, Y. (2019). Aerobic exercise for adult patients with major depressive disorder in mental health services: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Depression and anxiety, 36(1), 39-53.
19. Morris, L., Stander, J., Ebrahim, W., Eksteen, S., Meaden, O. A., Ras, A., & Wessels, A. (2018). Effect of exercise versus cognitive behavioural therapy or no intervention on anxiety, depression, fitness and quality of life in adults with previous methamphetamine dependency: a systematic review. Addiction science & clinical practice, 13(1), 4-11.
20. Nillni, Y. I., Mehralizade, A., Mayer, L., & Milanovic, S. (2018). Treatment of depression, anxiety, and trauma-related disorders during the perinatal period: A systematic review. Clinical psychology review, 66, 136-148.
21. Poyatos‐León, R., García‐Hermoso, A., Sanabria‐Martínez, G., Álvarez‐Bueno, C., Cavero‐Redondo, I., & Martínez‐Vizcaíno, V. (2017). Effects of exercise‐based interventions on postpartum depression: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. Birth, 44(3), 200-208.
22. Rosenbaum, S., Vancampfort, D., Steel, Z., Newby, J., Ward, P. B., & Stubbs, B. (2015). Physical activity in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry research, 230(2), 130-136.
23. Schuch, F. B., Morres, I. D., Ekkekakis, P., Rosenbaum, S., & Stubbs, B. (2017). A critical review of exercise as a treatment for clinically depressed adults: time to get pragmatic. Acta neuropsychiatrica,29(2),65-71.
24. Seddighi, H., & Salmani, I. (2019). Gender Differences in Children Mental Health Disorders after Earthquakes in Iran: A Systematic Review. Journal of Community Health Research, 8(1), 54-64. (In persian)
25. Tang, W., Zhao, J., Lu, Y., Yan, T., Wang, L., Zhang, J., & Xu, J. (2017). Mental health problems among children and adolescents experiencing two major earthquakes in remote mountainous regions: a longitudinal study. Comprehensive psychiatry, 72, 66-73.
26. Zahedifar, S. Najarian, B. Shokrkon, H. (1999). Compilation and scale validation to measure aggression. Journal of Education and Psychology, 3(7):73-102. (In persian)
27. Zeng, N., Pope, Z., Lee, J. E., & Gao, Z. (2018). Virtual reality exercise for anxiety and depression: A preliminary review of current research in an emerging field. Journal of clinical medicine, 7(3), 42-49.
)