شناسایی منابع استرس قبل از رقابت کشتی‌گیران تیم ملی فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی منابع استرس قبل از رقابت در کشتی‌گیران تیم ملی بزرگسالان ایران بود. این پژوهش، به‌صورت کیفی و به شیوۀ پدیده‌شناسی و مبتنی بر نمونه‌گیری هدف‌مند است. در‌این‌راستا، با 8 نفر از منتخبین دعوت‌شده به اردوی تیم ملی کشتی فرنگی جهت مسابقات جهانی 2014 و المپیک آسیایی 2014 مصاحبۀ عمیق انجام شد. طبق یافته‌های مصاحبه، منابع استرس مشارکت‌کنندگان، در قالب 3 کد تبیینی "تجارب"، "شرایط" و "چالش‌های آینده" شناسایی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تمام نیازها و خواسته‌هایی که ورزشکاران با آن مواجه‌ هستند، باید هنگام تهیه و اجرای مداخلات برای مدیریت استرس قبل از رقابت در نظر گرفته شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying Stress Sources Before-the-Game Experienced by Members of Iranian National Greco-Roman Wrestling Team

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khadijeh Chenaneh 1
  • Mahdi Namazizadeh 2
1
2
چکیده [English]

This research aims to conduct the identification of stress sources before starting the game by the Iranian national Greco-Roman wrestling team. This qualitative study is based on a phenomenological approach and purposive sampling method. In this regard, data were collected by using in-depth interviews with 8 members of selective competitor that invited to national team for the World Championships in 2014 and the Asian Games in2014. The results of the interviews showed that the sources of stress in participants were identified in three explanatory Codes as »experience«, »conditions« and »future challenges«. Result shown that needs and demands of athlete must be considered during the preparation and performance the interferences for management the stress before competition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Stress before Competition
  • Stress Sources
  • Wrestling National Team
  • Qualitative Method

مراجع

  1. Aghaee, A., & Atashpor, H. (2002). Stress and mental Health. Esfahan; Publishers Pardezh. In Persian.
  2. Nobelt, A.J., & Gifford, S.M. (2002). The sources of stress experienced by professional Australian footballers. Journal of applied sport psychology, 14; Pp: 1-13.
  3. Anshel,  M. H., & Wells, B. (2000a). Personal and situational variables that describe  coping with acut  stress in competitive  sport.  Journal of  social  psychology‌, 140; Pp: 434 – 450.
  4. Anshel, M. H. (1990). Toward  validation   of  a  model  for  coping  with  acute stress in sport. Journal of  Sport psychology ,  21: Pp: 58-83.
  5. Anshel‌, M.‌ H., & Wells, B. (2000b). Sources of acute stress  and  coping  styles  in  competitive sport. Anxiety, Stress and Coping .'AnInternational Journal, ‌13; P: 126.
  6. Besharat, M. A. (2008). Psychometric scale coping styles Sports. Olympic Journal , 3(39); Pp: 95-105. In Persian.
  7. Besharat, M. A. (2010a) Construction and standardization measures of perfectionism competitive. The research report, Tehran University. Pp; 68- 79. In Persian.
  8. Besharat, M. A. (2010b) Construction and standardization of multidimensional anxiety scale. The research report, Tehran University. Pp; 39-53. In Persian.
  9. Duda, L., Borysowicz, M., & Germaine,  K. (1996). Women's artistic gymnastics judges' sources of stress. JournalofSport  Psychology, 26; Pp: 124-136.
  10. Giacobbi‌, P. J. R., & Weinberg,‌ R. S. (2000). An examination of coping in sport: Individual trait anxiety differences and situational consistency. The Sport Psychologist‌, 14; Pp: 42-62.  
  11. Giacobbi, ‌P. J. R., Foore,‌ B., & Weinberg, R. S. (2004). Broken clubs and expletives: The sources of stress and coping responses of skilled and moderately skilled golfers. Journal of AppliedSport Psychology, 16; Pp: 166-182.
  12. Gould‌, D., Hom, T., & Spreeman, J. (1983). Sources of stress in junior elite wrestlers. Journal of Sport  Psychology, 5; Pp: 159-171.
  13. Gould‌, D., Jackson, S., & Finch, L. (1993). Sources of stress in national champion figure skaters.Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 15; Pp: 134-159.
  14. Goyen‌, M‌. J., & Anshel, M. ‌H. (1998). Sources of acute competitive stress and use of coping strategies as a function of age and gender. Journal of‌ AppliedDevelopmental Psychology, 19; Pp: 469-486.
  15. Jahani Rad, N., Ramezani Nezhad, R., Reihani, M., & Jahani Rad, Z. (2012). Factor analysis variables stressful national team athletes of Iran. Sixth national conference on physical education and sports science students in Iran, Tehran: Institute of Physical Education and Sports Science‌, 24-25 December. In Persian.
  16. Jennifer, W., Miller, T.S. (1993). Sources of stress, stress reaction and coping strategies used by elite female golfers. M.P.E. University of British Columbia, requirement for the degree mater of education. Pp: 13-24.
  17. Kristiansen, E., Roberts, G., & Abrahamsen, F. (2008). Achievement involvement and stress coping in elite wrestling. Scandinavian Journal of Medical Science in Sports, 18; Pp: 526-538.
  18. McNamara, J. M., Webb, J. M., Collins,  J. E., Szkely, T., & Houston, A. I. (1997). A general technique for computing evolutionarily stable strategies based on errors in decision-making. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 189; Pp: 211-225.
  19. Mellalieu, S. D., Neil, R., Hanton, ‌S., & Fletcher, D. (2009). Competition stress in sport performers: Stressors experienced in the competition environment. Journal of sport sciences, 27(‌7); Pp: 729- 744.
  20. Mokhtari, p. (2008). How to deal with stress. Tehran: Publication of Olympic and Paralympics Academy of Iran. In Persian.
  21. Mokhtari, p., & Vaez Mousavi, M. K. (2012). Sources of stress national team track and field athletes with disabilities. Journal of Contemporary Psychology, 6 (1); Pp: 79-90. In Persian.
  22. Nicholls, A. R., Backhouse, S. H., Polman, R. C. J., & McKenna, J. (2008). Stressors and affective states among professional rugby union players. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 19; Pp: 121-128.
  23. Nicholls, A. R., Holt, N. L, Polman, R. C. J., & James, D. W. G. (‌2005). Stress and coping among international adolescent golfers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 17; Pp: 333-340. 
  24. Vanyperen, N. W. (1995). Interpersonal stress, performance level and parental support: A longitudinal study among highly skilled young soccer players. Journal of Sport Psychologist, 9; Pp: 225-241.
  25. Noblet, A. J., & Gifford, S. M. (2002). The source of stress experienced professional Australian footballers. Journal of Applied Sport Psycho/ogy, 4; Pp: 1-13.
  26. Peiffer, V. (2002). Stress and coping. Translation: Azadeh Afrooz & Mona Naghebi Rad. Tehran: Islamic Culture Publishing Office. In Persian.
  27. Ramezani Nezhad, R., Hemati Nezhad M. A., & Sayad, M. (2011). The relationship between personality type A/B and ways to deal with stress in athletes. Journal of Sports Science, 5; Pp: 11-28. In Persian.
  28. Rattanask, Santiadakul. (2004). Stress in professional football players. Clinical Psychology, Pp: 423-631.
  29. Scanlan, T. K.,  Stien,  G. L.,  & Ravizza,  K. (1991) . An in-dept study of former eliet figure skaters: III. Sources of stress. Journal of sport and Exercise Psychology, 13; Pp: 103-120.
  30. Scanlan‌, T. K., Stein, G. L., & Ravizza, K. (1989). An in-depth study of former elite figure skaters: II. Sources of enjoyment. Journa  of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 3; Pp: 65-183.
  31. Seggar, J. F., Pedersen, D. M., Hawkes,  N. R., & McGown, C. (1997). A measure of stress for athletic performance. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 24; Pp: 117-125.
  32. Spink,  K., Pemberton, C., &  Roberts G. (1940). Learning experiences in sport psychology. (Translation: Mohmmad kazem Vaez Mousavi & Maasomeh Shojaee). Tehran: Roshd. In Persian.
  33. Spink,  K., Pemberton, C., &  Roberts G. (1940). Learning experiences in sport psychology. (Translation: Mohmmad kazem VaezMousavi & Maasomeh Shojaee). Tehran: Roshd. In Persian.
  34. Heller, T.L., Bloom, G. A., Neil, G. I., & Salmela, J. H. (2005). Sources of stress in NCAA division I women ice hockey players. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 7(‌4); Pp: 129.
  35. Vaez Mousavi, M. K., & Mosaiebi, F. (2009). Sports psychology. Tehran publication (date of publication of the work in 1999). In Persian.
  36. Woods, B. (2008). Applying psychology to sport  (Translation: Fatholah Mosaiebi & Mohmmad Kazem Vaez Mousavi). Bamdad publication. In Persian.

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 مرداد 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 04 مرداد 1394

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار