نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه رفتار حرکتی. دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی. دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد- ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری رفتار حرکتی. دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد- ایران

3 استاد گروه روانشناسی. دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی. دانشگاه تهران- ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش، ویژگی­های تکانش­گری دروازه­بانان فوتبال در سطوح مختلف مهارتی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین‌منظور، 30 دروازه­بان از سطوح مختلف مهارتی با میانگین سنی 9/3±65/28 سال در این پژوهش شرکت کردند. نتایج نشان داد که ویژگی­های تکانش­گری در بین دروازه­بانان سطوح مختلف مهارتی متفاوت است. این تفاوت­ها در تکانش­گری توجهی و حرکتی، از عامل­های تکانش­گری و خطای نوع اول و نوع دوم از آیتم­های آزمون عملکرد مداوم به‌دست آمد. همچنین، تفاوت­های مشاهده‌شده در تکانش­گری تصمیم­گیری از عامل­های تکانش­گری و زمان تشخیص از آیتم­های آزمون عملکرد مداوم، از نظر آماری معنا­دار نبود. بر‌اساس نتایج این پژوهش می­توان عنوان کرد که تکانش­گری یکی از مکانیسم­های انطباقی اصلی عملکرد بازیکنان برای غلبه بر نیازهای تکلیف در پست دروازه­بانی فوتبال با توجه به سطح مهارتی بازیکنان در کنار متغیرهای مرتبط دیگر است که می­تواند در مباحث استعدادیابی مورد توجه قرار بگیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Impulsivity in Soccer Goalkeepers, According to the Different Skill Levels

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Sohrabi 1
  • Mohammad Hosain Ghahremani 2
  • Mohammad Ali Besharat 3

چکیده [English]

This study investigated the impulsivity in soccer goalkeepers in different skill levels. For this purpose, Thirty goalkeeper participated in this study in order of different skill levels with a mean age of 9/3 ± 65/28 years. Results showed that Goalkeepers impulsivity differed between different skill levels. It was found significant differences in attentional impulsivity and motor impulsivity and also in type I and type II error factor of continuous performance test items. No statistically significant differences in the recognition of impulsivity deciding factor in impulsivity and continuous performance test items also. It can be argued on the basis of these results that alongside other relevant variables for overcoming in Soccer Goalkeeping function in different skill levels, Impulsivity is one of the main adaptive mechanisms in players that can be considered in talent discussions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Impulsivity
  • Soccer Goalkeepers
  • Talent
  • Skill Level
  1. Ames, C., & Archer, J. (1988). Achievement goals in the classroom: Students’ learning strategies and motivation processes. Journal of Educational Psychology, 80; Pp: 260-267.
  2. Arce, E., & Santisteban, C. (2006). Impulsivity: A review. Psicothema, 18; Pp: 213-220.
  3. Barrat, E. S. (1981). Time perception, cortical evoked potentials and impulsiveness among three groups of adolescents. In J. K. Hays, T. K. Roberts, & K. S. Solway. (Eds.). Violence and the violent individual. New York: Spectrum Publications. 21, Pp: 87-95.
  4. Barratt, E. S. (1994). Impulsivity: Integrating cognitive, behavioral, biological, and environmental data. In W. B. McCown, J. L. Johnson, & M. B. Shure (Eds.). The impulsive client: Theory, research and treatment. Washington DC: American Psychological Association, 40;Pp: 39-45.
  5. Besharat, M. A. (2007). Evaluate the psychometric properties Barratt impulsivity scale. Research report, Tehran University, Pp: 60-98. In Persian.
  6. Besharat, M. A., Ghahramani, M. H., & Ahmadi, N. (2013). Athletics impulsively traits:  A comparison between contact and noncontact sports. Journal of Research in Sport Management and motor behavior, 3 (5);Pp: 13-23. In Persian.
  7. Besharat, M. A., Ghahramani, M. H., & Naghipuor, B. (2015). The role of self-regulation and impulsivity sports success: Impact and non- impact sport to compare. Journal of Motor Behavior. Institute of Physical Education, 7 (18); Pp: 131-146. In Persian.
  8. Dickman, S. (1990). Functional and dysfunctional impulsivity: Personality and cognitive correlates. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58; Pp: 95-102.
  9. Dickman, S. J., & Meyer, D. E. (1988). Impulsivity and speed-accuracy trade of in information processing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54; Pp: 274-290.
  10. Enticott, P. G., Ogloff, R. P., & Bradshaw, J. (2006). Associations be- tweed laboratory measures of executive inhibitory control and self- reported impulsivity. Personality and Individual Differences, 41; Pp: 285-294.
  11. Expósito, J., & Andrés-Pueyo, A. (1997). The effects of impulsivity on the perceptual and decision stages in a choice reaction time task. Personality and Individual Differences, 22; Pp: 693-697.
  12. Guilherme, M., Lage, L., Gallo, G. J., Cassiano, I. L., Lobo, M. V., Vieira, J. V., & et al. (2011). Correlations between impulsivity and technical performance in handball female athletes. Psychology, 2; Pp: 721-726.
  13. Jackson, C. J. (2001). Comparison between Eysenck & Gray’s models of personality in the prediction of motivational work criteria. Personality and Individual Differences, 31; Pp: 129–144.
  14. Keye, M., Roth, N., Westhus, W., & Heine, A. (2004). Continuous performance task (CPT)-manual. Gottigen: Hogrefeverlag fur Psychology, 28; Pp: 40-65.
  15. Kozlowski, S. W. J., Gully, S. M., Brown, K. G., Salas, E., Smith, E. A., & Nason, E. R. (2001). Effects of training goals and goal orientation traits on multidimensional training outcomes and performance adaptability. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 85; Pp: 1–31.
  16. Lage, G. M., Malloy-Diniz, L. F., Neves, F. S., Moraes, P. H. P., & Corrêa, H. (2012). A kinematic analysis of the association between impulsivity and manual aiming. Human Movement Science, 20; Pp: 39-55.
  17. Lemke, M. R., Fischer, C. J., Wendorff, T., Fritzer, G., Rupp, Z., & Tetzlaff, S. (2005). Modulation of involuntary and voluntary be‌havior following emotional stimuli in healthy subjects. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 29; Pp: 69-76.
  18. Lijffijt, M., Bekker, E., Quik, E. H., Bakker, J., Kenemans, J. L., & Verbaten, M. N. (2004). Differences between low and high trait impulsivity are not associated with differences in inhibitory motor control. Journal of Attention Disorders, 8; Pp: 25-32.
  19. Moeller, F. G., Barratt, E. S., Dougherty, D. M., Schmitz, J. M., & Swann, A. C. (2001). Psychiatric aspects of impulsivity. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158; Pp: 1783-1793.
  20. Pickering, A. D. (2004). The neuropsychology of impulsive antisocial sensation seeking personality traits: From dopamine to hippocampus function. In R. M. Stelmack (Ed.). On the psychobiology of personality: Essays in honor of Marvin Zuckerman. New York: Elsevier, 108; Pp: 454–476.
  21. Reeve, C. L. (2007). Functional impulsivity and speeded ability test performance. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 15; Pp: 48-61.
  22. Swann, A. C., Moeller, F. G., Steinberg, J. L., Schneider, L., Barratt, E. S., & et al. (2007). Manic symptoms and impulsivity during bipolar depressive episodes. Bipolar Disorders, 9; Pp: 206-212.