مطالعات روان‌شناسی ورزشی

مطالعات روان‌شناسی ورزشی

نقش رفتارهای خود حامی‌گری و خود تخریبی نیازهای اساسی روان‌شناختی در پیامدهای رفتاری ورزشکاران: براساس نظریه خود مختاری

نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
چکیده
هدف: هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی ارتباط رفتارهای خود حامی‌گری و خود تخریبی نیازهای اساسی روان‌شناختی بر اهداف درونی و بیرونی، ذهن‌آگاهی و کیفیت خواب براساس نظریه خودمختاری در ورزشکاران است.
مواد و روش‌ها: روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی از نوع همبستگی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر، ورزشکارانی (دختر و پسر) با محدوده سنی 30-20 سال بودند که با سابقه حداقل سه سال در یکی از رشته‌های ورزشی رقابتی (تیمی و انفرادی) فعالیت منظم داشتند و عضو یکی از تیم‌های ورزشی در شهر تبریز بودند. تعداد 228 ورزشکار به صورت نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات در پژوهش حاضر پرسشنامه اطلاعات دموگرافیک، پرسشنامه شاخص اهداف، پرسشنامه سنجش رفتارهای خود حامی‌گری و خود تخریبی، پرسشنامه شاخص کیفیت خواب پیتزبورگ و پرسشنامه مقیاس ذهن‌آگاهی، توجه و هوشیاری بود. به منظور تحلیل داده‌ها از روش آماری همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل واریانس یک‌راهه استفاده شد. برای انجام محاسبات آماری از نرم‌افزار اس.پی.اس.اس نسخه 26 در سطح معناداری 05/0 و همچنین از نرم‌افزار ام پلاس نسخه 4/7 جهت ترسیم مدل مسیر استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج همبستگی پیرسون نشان داد رفتارهای خود حامی‌گری ارتباط مثبتی با اهداف درونی و ذهن‌آگاهی داشتند. در مقابل نیز، رفتارهای خود تخریبی ارتباط منفی با اهداف درونی داشتند. همچنین نتایج تحلیل واریانس یک‌راهه نشان داد تفاوت معناداری در متغیرهای تحقیق براساس تحصیلات، جنسیت و وضعیت تأهل وجود داشت، اما در رشته‌های تیمی و انفرادی وجود نداشت.
نتیجه‌گیری: به طور کلی نتایج نشان داد احتمالاً ورزشکارانی که رفتارهای خود حامی‌گری بیشتری را در خود توسعه می‌دهند، رضایت‌مندی از نیازهای بیشتری را تجربه کرده، ذهن‌آگاه‌تر بوده و این ذهن‌آگاهی تمرکز فرد را بر روی اهداف درونی افزایش داده و منجر به عملکرد ورزشی بهینه و تسهیل بهزیستی روان‌شناختی می‌شود. از این‌رو، به مربیان و روان‌شناسان ورزشی پیشنهاد می‌شود با بهره‌گیری از رفتارهای خود حامی‌گری مداخلاتی با هدف کمک به ورزشکاران برای بازیابی خود با تأکید بر محتوای هدف جهت ارتقای رضایت‌مندی از نیازهای اساسی روان‌شناختی در جهت ارتقای سطح عملکرد، تداوم آن و همچنین سلامت روان ورزشکاران قدم بردارند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The role of self-supportive and self-thwarting behaviors of basic psychological needs in the behavioral consequences of athletes: Based on the Self-Determination Theory

نویسندگان English

Zohreh Khalilpourshiraz
Behzad Behzadnia
Mohammad Taghi Aghdasi
Motor Behavior Department, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Tabriz, Tabriz. Iran.
چکیده English

Objectives: In recent years, along with effective personality factors, attention to the basic psychological needs of athletes in sports environments has been raised as one of the key factors in their behavioral outcomes. This importance, considering its role in relation to basic psychological needs, can be interestingly related to behavioral outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between basic psychological needs, internal and external goals, mindfulness and sleep quality in athletes.
Methods & Materials: The statistical population of the present study were athletes (boys and girls) who had three years of experience in one of the sports fields and were members of one of the sports teams in Tabriz city. A total of 228 athletes were selected through available sampling and completed demographic information questionnaire, aspiration index questionnaire, self-supportive and self-thwarting behavior index questionnaire, Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire, and mindful, attention, awareness scale questionnaire.
Results: The results of statistical analysis showed that self-supportive behaviors have a positive relationship with internal goals and a direct relationship with mindfulness. On the other hand, self-thwarting behaviors had a negative relationship with internal goals, but not with external goals and variables of mindfulness and sleep quality.
Conclusions: In general, the results showed that athletes who develop more self-supportive behaviors are more mindful, and this mindfulness increases a person's focus on internal goals and leads to better sports performance, more well-being, and healthier lifestyle decisions.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Self-supportive behaviors
Internal and External goals
Mindfulness
Sleep Quality
Basic Psychological Needs
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دوره 15، شماره 55
بهار 1405
صفحه 26-47

  • تاریخ دریافت 09 بهمن 1404