مطالعات روان‌شناسی ورزشی

مطالعات روان‌شناسی ورزشی

نقش جهت‌گیری مقایسه اجتماعی، خودکارآمدی و اضطراب رقابتی در بهبود عملکرد ورزشی: یک مدل روانشناختی

نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
1 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران.
2 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه دامغان، دامغان، ایران.
چکیده
هدف: این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر جهت‌گیری مقایسة اجتماعی بر عملکرد ورزشی با توجه به نقش میانجی خودکارآمدی و اضطراب رقابتی در ورزشکاران انجام شد. رویکرد اصلی این پژوهش مبتنی بر بررسی مدلی مفهومی بود که در آن نقش مستقیم و غیرمستقیم متغیرهای روان‌شناختی بر عملکرد ورزشی بررسی شد.
 مواد و روش­ها: روش پژوهش توصیفی-همبستگی بوده و جامعة آماری شامل 214 دانشجوی ورزشکار (123 مرد و 91 زن) شرکت‌کننده در شانزدهمین المپیاد فرهنگی-ورزشی دانشجویان کشور بود. ابزارهای گردآوری اطلاعات شامل پرسشنامه‌های استاندارد جهت‌گیری مقایسة اجتماعی، خودکارآمدی عمومی، اضطراب رقابتی و عملکرد ورزشی بودند. داده‌ها با استفاده از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری و آزمون سوبل تحلیل شدند.
یافته ­ها: نتایج نشان داد که جهت‌گیری مقایسة اجتماعی تأثیر مستقیم و غیرمستقیم معناداری بر عملکرد ورزشی دارد. نقش میانجی خودکارآمدی قوی‌تر از نقش اضطراب رقابتی بود؛ به این صورت که خودکارآمدی تأثیر مثبت و اضطراب رقابتی تأثیر منفی بر عملکرد ورزشی داشتند. همچنین، جهت‌گیری مقایسة اجتماعی به شکل مثبتی بر خودکارآمدی و به شکل منفی بر اضطراب رقابتی تأثیرگذار بود.
نتیجه­گیری: این یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که جهت‌گیری مقایسة اجتماعی می‌تواند ابزار مفیدی برای بهبود عملکرد ورزشی از طریق تقویت خودکارآمدی و کاهش اثرات منفی اضطراب رقابتی باشد. این پژوهش بر اهمیت مداخلات روان‌شناختی در مدیریت عوامل مرتبط با عملکرد ورزشی تأکید دارد. پیشنهاد می‌شود که مربیان و روانشناسان ورزشی از راهبردهایی برای تقویت خودکارآمدی و کاهش اضطراب رقابتی استفاده کنند. همچنین انجام پژوهش‌های طولی برای بررسی پایداری روابط میان متغیرها در سایر گروه‌های سنی و سطوح ورزشی توصیه می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

The Role of Social Comparison Orientation, Self-Efficacy, and Competitive Anxiety in Enhancing Athletic Performance: A Psychological Model

نویسندگان English

Leily Alizadeh 1
Sahar Mohammadzadeh 2
1 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Sports Science Department, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Sports Science Department, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran.
چکیده English

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the impact of social comparison orientation on athletic performance, considering the mediating roles of self-efficacy and competitive anxiety among athletes.
Methods & Materials: The research was conceptually grounded in a model that explored the direct and indirect psychological determinants of athletic performance. Employing a descriptive-correlational design, the study involved 214 student-athletes (123 males and 91 females) participating in the 16th National Cultural-Sports Olympiad for University Students. Data were collected using standardized questionnaires assessing social comparison orientation, general self-efficacy, competitive anxiety, and athletic performance. Structural equation modeling and Sobel tests were employed for analysis.
Results: The findings revealed that social comparison orientation significantly influenced athletic performance directly and indirectly. The mediating role of self-efficacy was stronger than that of competitive anxiety. Specifically, self-efficacy positively and competitive anxiety negatively impacted athletic performance. Moreover, social comparison orientation positively affected self-efficacy while negatively influencing competitive anxiety. These results indicate that social comparison orientation can effectively enhance athletic performance by boosting self-efficacy and mitigating the adverse effects of competitive anxiety.
Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of psychological interventions in managing factors associated with athletic performance. Coaches and sports psychologists are encouraged to implement strategies aimed at strengthening self-efficacy and reducing competitive anxiety. Additionally, longitudinal studies are recommended to examine the stability of these relationships across different age groups and levels of athletic expertise.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Social comparison
Self-efficacy
Competitive anxiety
Athletic performance
Psychological factors
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دوره 14، شماره 53
پاییز 1404
صفحه 82-99

  • تاریخ دریافت 27 آذر 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 31 اردیبهشت 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 20 خرداد 1404