نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه روان شناسی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی دانشگاه ارومیه

3 کارشناس ارشد روان شناسی بالینی

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر تعیین ویژگی های روان‌سنجی پرسش نامهُ فرسودگی ورزشی در بخشی از جامعة ایران می‌باشد. جامعۀ آماری این مطالعه را کلیۀ ورزشکاران رشته‌های والیبال، هندبال و بسکتبال شهر تبریز در سال 1391 تشکیل ­دادند. از بین ورزشکاران مذکور 184 نفر (69 نفر والیبالیست، 54 نفر هندبالیست و 61 نفر بسکتبالیست) بطور تصادفی انتخاب شدند. نتایج نشان داد اعتبار ابعاد سه‌گانه پرسش­نامۀفرسودگی ورزشی براساس آلفای کرونباخ بین 70/0 تا 81/0 است. بررسی‌های مربوط به روایی همگرا و روایی سازۀ پرسش­نامۀ فرسودگی ورزشی نیز مؤید تایید روایی مقیاس مذکور بود. تحلیل عاملی همانند فرم اصلی، سه عامل همبسته ولی مجزا را برای پرسش­نامۀ فرسودگی ورزشی شامل خستگی هیجانی و فیزیکی، کاهش احساس موفقیت، و کاهش ارزش را آشکار ساخت. می‌توان گفت که پرسش نامه فرسودگی ورزشی ابزاری قابل اعتماد و روا برای سنجش فرسودگی ورزشی در فرهنگ ایران می‏باشد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Psychometric Properties of Persian Version of Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nader Hajloo 1
  • Naser Sobhi 1
  • Karim Babaei 2
  • Hasan Sadeghi 3

چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of athlete burnout questionnaire in the part of Iranian society. The study population included all volleyball, handball and basketball athlete of Tabriz city in 2012. From this population, 184 students (69 volleyball players, 61 basketball players, and 54 handball players) were randomly selected. Results showed that the reliability of three aspects of athlete burnout questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha method were 0.70 to 0.81. Convergent and construct validities were confirmed validity of the athlete burnout questionnaire. The results of factorial analysis as main form the athlete burnout questionnaire, were revealed the three separate but correlated factors for athlete burnout questionnaire: exhaustion, devaluation, and accomplishment. Based on these results, we can say that the athlete burnout questionnaire is reliable and valid instrument for measuring athlete burnout in Iranian culture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Psychometric properties
  • Athlete burnout
  • Athletes
  1. Alexopoulos, D. S., & Kalaitzidis, I. (2004). Psychometric properties of Eysenck personality Questionnaire, short scale in Greece. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 1205-1220.
  2. Caccese, T. M., & Mayerberg, C. K. (1984). Gender differences in perceived burnout of college coaches. Journal of Sport Psychology, 6, 279–288.
  3. Cox, R. H., Martens, M. P., & Russell, W. D. (2003). Measuring anxiety in athletics : The revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 25, 519-533.
  4. Cresswell, S. L., & Eklund, R. C. (2005). Changes in athlete burnout and motivation over a 12-week league tournament. . Medicine and Science in Sportand Exercise, 37, 1957–1966.
  5. Cresswell, S. L., & Eklund, R. C. (2006). The convergent and discriminant validity of burnout measures in sport: A multitrait multi-method analysis. . Journal of Sport Sciences, 24, 209–220.
  6. Eades, A. M. (1990). An investigation of burnout of intercollegiate athletes: The development of the Eades’Athlete Burnout Inventory. (Unpublished master’s thesis), University of California, Berkeley.  
  7. Gautheur, S. I., Oger, M., Guillet, E., & and Krunn, C. M. (2010). Validation of a French Version of the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ) In Competitive Sport and Physical Education Context. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 26(3), 203–211.
  8. Gustafsson, H. (2007). Burnout in competitive and elite athletes. (Doctoral Thesis in sport sciences), Örebro University, Sweden.  
  9. Henson, R. K. (2001). Understanding internal consistency reliability estimates: A conceptual primer on coefficient α. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 34, 177–189.

10. Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1995). Evaluating model fit. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues,and applications (pp. 76–99). London: Sage.

11. Juangphanich, P. (2005). Effects of walking meditation on competitive state anxiety and response time of athletes. (Doctoral dissertation), Burapha University, Thailand.  

12. Kelley, B. C., Eklund, R. C., & Ritter-Taylor, M. (1999). Stress and burnout among collegiate tennis coaches. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 21, 113–130.

13. Kline, R. B. (2000). Review of ‘Measurement and Evaluation in Psychology and Education’, Thorndike (1997). . Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 18, 60–166.

14. Lemyre, P. N., Hall, H. K., & Roberts, G. C. (2008). A social cognitive approach to burnout in elite athletes. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 18, 221–234.

15. Lemyre, P. N., Treasure, D. C., & Roberts, G. C. (2006). Influence of variability in motivation and affect on elite athlete burnout susceptibility. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 28, 32–48.

16. Martens, R., Burton, D., Vealey, R. S., Bump, L. A., & Smith, D. E. (1990). Development and validation of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2). . In R. S. Martens, Vealey & Burton (Eds.), Champaign. Illinois: Human Kinetics.

17. Maslach, C., Jackson, S., & Leiter, M. (1996). Maslach burnout inventory manual (3rd Ed.). California: Psychologist Press.

18. Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1982). Burnout in health professions: A social psychological analysis. In G. S. S. J. Suls (Ed.), Social psychology of illness. London: Erlbaum.

19. Muangnapoe, P. (1994). The validation of SCAT and CSAI-2 Thai version. Paper presented at the In Research Conference, Melbourne.

20. Muthén, B., & D., K. (1985). A comparison of some methodologies for the factor analysis of nonnormal Likert variables. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 38, 171–189.

21. Noblet, A. J., & Gifford, S. M. (2002). The source of stress experienced by professional Australian footballers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14, 1–13.

22. Nunnally, J. (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

23. Perreault, S., Gaudreau, P., Lapointe, M. C., & Lacroix, C. (2007). Does it take three to tango? Psychological need satisfaction and athlete burnout. International Journal of Sport Psychology,, 38, , 437–450.

24. Raedeke, T. D. (1997). Is athlete burnout more than just stress? A sport commitment perspective. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 19, 396–417.

25. Raedeke, T. D., Lunney, K., & Venable, K. (2002). Understanding athlete burnout: Coach perspectives. Journal of Sport Behavior, 25, 181–206.

26. Raedeke, T. D., & Smith, A. L. (2001). Development and preliminary validation of an athlete burnout measure. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 23, 281–306.

27. Wiggins, M. S., Crenades, J. G., Lai, C., Lee, J., & Erdmann, J. B. (2006). Multidimensional comparison of anxiety direction and burnout over time. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 102, 788–790.