ارتباط آسیب‌پذیری‌روانی، تاب‌آوری و بهزیستی‌ذهنی ورزشکاران: نقش میانجیگری امید

نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 گروه آموزش تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، صندوق پستی ۸۸۹-۱۴۶۶۵ تهران، ایران

2 گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده
هدف: با توجه به فرصت‌های منحصربه‌فردی که ورزش برای دستیابی به هدف و غلبه بر ناملایمات به‌طور مکرر ارائه می‌کند، بسیار مهم است که عوامل محافظتی در ورزشکاران شناسایی، درک و پرورش داده شوند. بنابراین، هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش میانجی امید در ارتباط بین آسیب‌پذیری‌روانی و تاب‌آوری با بهزیستی‌ذهنی ورزشکاران بود.
مواد و روش ها: روش پژوهش توصیفی- همبستگی مبتنی بر معادلات ساختاری است. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل کلیه ورزشکاران سطوح ملی و استانی آذربایجان شرقی در سال 1402 بوده است. از پرسشنامه آسیب‌پذیری‌روانی نجاریان و داودی (1380)، بهزیستی‌ذهنی توسط کییز و ماگیارمو (۲۰۰۳)، تاب‌آوری کونور و دیویدسون (2003) و امید اشنایدر (2002) برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها استفاده شده است. جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از آمار توصیفی (میانگین، انحراف معیار) و آمار استنباطی (همبستگی پیرسون و مدل معادلات ساختاری) با استفاده از بسته نرم­افزاری SPSS و AMOS نسخه 24 استفاده گردید.  
یافته ها: براساس نتایج تاب‌آوری بر بهزیستی‌ذهنی ورزشکاران تأثیر مثبت و آسیب‌پذیری‌روانی بر بهزیستی‌ذهنی ورزشکاران تأثیر منفی و معناداری دارند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد امید دارای نقش میانجی در ارتباط بین آسیب‌پذیری‌روانی و تاب‌آوری بر بهزیستی‌ذهنی ورزشکاران می‌باشد.
نتیجه گیری: در نتیجه لازم است در جهت بهبود تاب‌آوری ورزشکاران، به عوامل و فاکتورهایی مختلفی همچون بهزیستی اجتماعی، روان‌شناختی، اجتماعی، امید توجه فروانی گردد. همچنین مدل ساختاری این یافته‌ها به ماهیت پیچیده رابطه بین عوامل روان‌شناختی و بهزیستی‌ذهنی ورزشکاران کمک می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Structural Equations of Mental Vulnerability, Resilience and Mental Well-Being of Athletes: The Mediating Role of Hope

نویسندگان English

  • Sara Bagheri 1
  • Amir Dana 2
1 Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, P.O.Box 14665-889, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده English

Background and Purpose
Nowadays, in addition to engaging in sports activities, athletes pursue university education related to their sports field, a phenomenon known in the literature of sports psychology as achieving a dual goal. Mental well-being, colloquially expressed as happiness, is an evaluation of one's own life. This assessment encompasses both cognitive (judgment about life satisfaction) and affective (emotional responses) aspects. The emotional dimension of mental well-being consists of positive and negative emotions. Positive emotions like happiness, enthusiasm, self-confidence, excitement, interest, and cheerfulness have a positive impact, while negative emotions like fear, anxiety, guilt, anger, hatred, and sadness have a negative impact. A longitudinal study found that positive psychological constructs, positive emotions, stress, and anxiety may be important predictors of well-being.
Nwankwo et al. (2020) demonstrated in their research that perceived self-esteem and psychological well-being are related. Student athletes with high self-esteem exhibit high psychological health, while those with low self-esteem have low psychological health. In contrast to resilience, which is also known as "vulnerability," psychological vulnerability can be seen as a negative predictor of subjective well-being. Hope, as a human psychological strength, is a cognitive process that assists individuals in forming positive expectations to achieve their desired goals and understanding that these goals can be realized. Based on previous studies, the structural equations of the current research play a mediating role in the relationships between resilience, psychological vulnerability, and mental well-being of athletes. To date, no research has been conducted on the athlete community, highlighting the necessity of the current research to fill this existing gap and study the mediating role of hope in the relationship between psychological vulnerability, resilience, and mental well-being of athletes.
Materials and Methods
The research utilized a descriptive-correlational research method based on structural equations. The statistical population included all athletes at the national and provincial levels of East Azerbaijan in 2023. Questionnaires used included the psychological vulnerability questionnaire by Najarian and Davoudi (2010), the mental well-being scale by Keyes and Magyar (SWS) (2003), and the Omid Snyder questionnaire (2002) containing 12 questions with two components of willpower and wayfinding power. Resilience was measured using Connor and Davidson's resilience questionnaire (2003). Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) were employed to analyse the data, while skewness and kurtosis values were used to assess data normality. Data were analysed using Pearson correlation and structural equation modelling with the SPSS and AMOS software package version 24.
Results
 The average age of the participating athletes was 25.68±5.28 years, with 72% competing at the provincial level and 28% at the national level. To examine the relationship between the independent and dependent variables according to the research model, a linear relationship was a prerequisite of the research. Based on the central limit theory and skewness and kurtosis values falling within -2 and +2, the data distribution was considered standard. Pearson's correlation test was used to test the research hypothesis.
 
The results indicate that psychological vulnerability, through the mediating role of hope, has a significant negative effect on the mental well-being of student athletes. Additionally, resilience, through the mediating role of hope, has a significant positive effect on the mental well-being of athletes.
 
Conclusion
The results suggest that hope plays a mediating role in the relationship between psychological vulnerability, resilience, and mental well-being of athletes. The findings indicate that a high level of resilience may foster hope among athletes, leading to more positive evaluations of the cognitive and emotional dimensions of life. While previous research has predominantly focused on the relationship between resilience and mental well-being, it appears that resilience contributes to increased self-esteem and effective coping with negative experiences by enhancing positive emotions.
In conclusion, it is essential to consider various factors such as social, psychological, and hope to enhance the resilience of athletes. The structural model of these findings sheds light on the complex relationship between psychological factors and the mental well-being of athletes.
 Funding
The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and publication of this article.
 


کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Psychological Vulnerability
  • Mental Resilience
  • Mental Well-Being
  • Hope
  • Athletes
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مطالعات روان‌شناسی ورزشی
دوره 13، شماره 50
دی 1403
صفحه 64-76

  • تاریخ دریافت 30 دی 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 14 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 15 مهر 1403