تأثیر فشار نظارت و نتیجه حین تصمیم‌گیری بر رفتار جستجوی بینایی بازیکنان فوتبال

نوع مقاله : مطالعه پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استادگروه،رفتارحرکتی و تحلیل ورزشی،دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی،تهران،ایران.

چکیده

هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تأثیر فشار نظارت و نتیجه حین تصمیم‌گیری بر رفتار جستجوی بینایی بازیکنان فوتبال بود. در این مطالعه 18 بازیکن فوتبال شاغل در لیگ برتر نوجوانان تهران شرکت کردند. تکلیف تصمیم‌گیری شامل تصاویری از موقعیت‌های شبیه‌سازی فوتبال بود که توسط مانیتور در سه شرایط خنثی (بدون فشار)، فشار نتیجه و فشار نظارت ارائه ‌شد. نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌های تکراری در تعداد تثبیت و میانگین مدت زمان تثبیت چشم در هر سه شرایط پژوهش تفاوت معنا‌داری را نشان داد. علاوه بر این، آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی نشان دهندۀ افزایش معنادار میانگین تعداد و مدت زمان تثبیت چشم در دو شرایط فشار نتیجه و نظارت نسبت به فشار خنثی بود. بنابراین به مربیان فوتبال پیشنهاد می‌شود در جلسات تمرینی با ایجاد شرایط تحت فشار به بازیکنان کمک کنند تا با تجربه این شرایط حین تمرین بتوانند در شرایط مسابقه عملکرد بهتری داشته باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of monitoring and outcome pressure during decision making on the visual search behavior of football players

نویسندگان [English]

  • akbar bohloul 1
  • MEHDI SHAHBAZI 2
  • Shahzad Tahmasebi Boroujeni 2
  • yousof moghaddas tabrizi 1
1 motor behavior.Physical Education.university of Tehran. Tehran. Iran
2 Professor, Movement Behavior and Sports Analysis, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

the aim of this study was to investigated The effect of monitoring and outcome pressure during decision making on the visual search behavior of football players. In this study, 18 soccer players employed in the Tehran youth premier league participated. The decision making task included images of soccer simulation conditions presented by the monitor in three conditions: neutral (no pressure), outcome pressure and monitoring pressure. The result of repeated measures analysis of variance test showed a significant difference in the number of fixation and during fixation in three conditions. In addition, the Bonferroni post-hoc test showed a significant increase in mean number of fixation and mean duration fixation in outcome and monitoring pressure compared to neutral pressure.Therefore, soccer coaches are suggested to help the players in training sessions by creating pressure conditions so that they can perform better in the competition conditions by experiencing these conditions during training.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • decision-making
  • fixation
  • outcome pressure
  • monitoring pressure
  • soccer

مراجع

  1. Allsop, J., & Gray, R. (2015). Flying under pressure: Effects of anxiety on attention and gaze behavior in aviation. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition,3(2), 63-71.
  2. Bar-Eli, M., Plessner, H., & Raab, M. (2011). Judgment, decision-making and success in sport: John Wiley & Sons.
  3. Baumeister, R. F. (1984). Choking under pressure: self-consciousness and paradoxical effects of incentives on skillful performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(3), 610.
  4. Baumeister, R. F., & Showers, C. J. (1968). A review of paradoxical performance effects: Choking under pressure in sports and mental tests. European Journal of Social Psychology, 16(4), 361-
  5. Beilock, S. L., Kulp, C. A., Holt, L. E., & Carr, T. H. (2004). More on the fragility of performance: choking under pressure in mathematical problem solving. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133(4), 584.
  6.  

 

 
  1. Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1978). Self-focusing effects of dispositional self-consciousness, mirror presence, and audience presence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36(3), 324.
  2. Chib, V. S., De Martino, B., Shimojo, S., & O'Doherty, J. P. (2012). Neural mechanisms underlying paradoxical performance for monetary incentives are driven by loss aversion. Neuron, 74(3), 582-594.
  3. Chun, M. M., & Wolfe, J. M. (2001). Visual attention. Blackwell handbook of perception, 272310.
  4. DeCaro, M. S., Thomas, R. D., Albert, N. B., & Beilock, S. L. (2011). Choking under pressure: Multiple routes to skill failure. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 140(3)), 390.
  5. Eysenck, M., & Wilson, M. (2016). Pressure and sport performance: A cognitive approach. Introducing attentional control theory: Sport. An introduction to applied cognitive psychology, 329-350.
  6. Eysenck, M. W., & Calvo, M. G. (1992). Anxiety and performance: The processing efficiency theory. Cognition & Emotion,6(6), 409-434.
  7. Ghotbi, a., Shahbazi, M., Arab Amery, E., & Tahmasebi Broujeni, S. (2019). The study of vision control mechanisms of novice golf players under anxious conditions. The Journal Of Psychological Science, 18(74), 153-158. (persian)
  8. Gucciardi, D. F., & Dimmock, J. A. (2008). Choking under pressure in sensorimotor skills: Conscious processing or depleted attentional resources? Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 9(1), 45-59.
  9. Hanton, S., Neil, R., & Mellalieu, S. D. (2008). Recent developments in competitive anxiety direction and competition stress research. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(1), 45-57.
  10. Jackson, R. C., Kinrade, N. P., Hicks, T., & Wills, R. (2013). Individual propensity for reinvestment: Field-based evidence for the predictive validity of three scales. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 44(4), 331-350.
  11. Jones, G. (1995). More than just a game: Research developments and issues in competitive anxiety in sport. British journal of psychology, 86(4), 449-478.
  12. Kinrade, N. P., Jackson, R. C., & Ashford, K. J. (2015). Reinvestment, task complexity and decision making under pressure in basketball. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 20, 11-19.
  13. Lewis, B. , & Linder, D. E. (1997). Thinking about choking? Attentional processes and paradoxical performance. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 23(9), 937-944.
  14. MacMahon, C., Baker, J., & Farrow, D. (2013). Developing sport expertise: Researchers and coaches put theory into practice: Routledge.
  15. Magill, R. A., & Anderson, D. (2010). Motor learning and control. McGraw-Hill Publishing.‏
  16. Mehrsafar, A. h. (2016). Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2. Quarterly of Educational Measurement, 6(23), 189-211. (persian)
  17. Mesagno, C., Harvey, J. T., & Janelle, C. M. (2011). Self-presentation origins of choking: Evidence from separate pressure manipulations. Journal of sport and exercise psychology, 33(3), 441-459.
  18. mohammadzade, H., parsafar, P., dehghanizade, J. (2020). A Comparison of Gaze Behaviors and Decision Making in Skilled and Novice Football Players. Journal of Motor Learning and Movement, 11(1), 123-133.
  19. Nieuwenhuys, A., & Oudejans, R. R. (2012). Anxiety and perceptual-motor performance: toward an integrated model of concepts, mechanisms, and processes. Psychological Research, 76(6), 747-759.
  20. Nieuwenhuys, A., Pijpers, J. R., Oudejans, R. R., & Bakker, F. C. (2008). The influence of anxiety on visual attention in climbing. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 30(2), 171-185.
  21. Parkin, B. L., & Walsh, V. (2017). Gunslingers, poker players, and chickens 3: Decision making under mental performance pressure in junior elite athletes Progress in brain research, 234, 339-
  22. Runswick, O. R., Roca, A., Williams, A. M., Bezodis, N. E., & North, J. S. (2018). The effects of anxiety and situation-specific context on perceptual–motor skill: A multi-level investigation. Psychological Research, 82(4), 708-719.
  23. Shams, Z., Tahmasebi Boroujeni, S., bohloul, A. (2020). The effect of positive and negative emotions on decision making of football players. Sport Psychology Studies (persian).
  24. Vazini Taher, A., rezaei, F. (2019). The Comparison of Elite Male Soccer Players Decision Making Behavior under Different Motivational and Exercise Situations. Sport Psychology Studies, 8(27), 113-128 (persian).
  25. Williams, A. M., & Elliott, D. (1999). Anxiety, expertise, and visual search strategy in karate. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 21(4), 362-375.
  26. Williams, A. M. & Hodges, N. J. (2004). Skill acquisition in sport: Research, theory and practice: Routledge.

 

  1. Wilson, M. R., Vine, S. J., & Wood, G. (2009). The influence of anxiety on visual attentional control in basketball free throw shooting. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 31(2), 152-168.

 

مطالعات روان‌شناسی ورزشی
دوره 13، شماره 47
فروردین 1403
صفحه 35-48

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 اسفند 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 فروردین 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 اردیبهشت 1400

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار